听力损失儿童不同临床特征与声音定位能力、认知发育水平的相关性分析  

Correlation analysis of different clinical features with sound localization ability and cognitive development level in children with hearing loss

作　　者：熊晶晶 吴英龙[1] 王彤[1] 彭新[1] 应炳泉 杨治 郭亮[1] 李小燕[1] XIONG Jingjing;WU Yinglong;WANG Tong;PENG Xin;YING Bingquan;YANG Zhi;GUO Liang;LI Xiaoyan(Department of Otolaryngology,Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital,Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330006,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省儿童医院耳鼻喉科,江西南昌330006

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2025年第7期79-83,共5页China Modern Medicine

基　　金：江西省卫生健康委科技计划项目(202410455)。

摘　　要：目的探讨听力损失儿童不同临床特征与声音定位能力、认知发育水平的相关性,以期为合理干预提供重要指导。方法选取2020年1月至2023年5月江西省儿童医院收治的80例听力损失儿童为研究对象,按听力损伤类型分为单侧组(n=28)和双侧组(n=52),按年龄分为<2岁组(n=24)和≥2岁组(n=56),按辅听装置类型分为单纯性助听器组(n=55)和人工耳蜗和/或助听器组(n=25),比较不同临床特征与声音定位能力、认知发育水平。结果单侧组干预前声音定位能力评分低于双侧组,单侧组干预12个月声音定位能力评分高于双侧组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);<2岁组和≥2岁组患儿干预6个月、12个月声音定位能力及认知发育水平评分高于本组干预前,且干预12个月时,<2岁组声音定位能力及认知发育水平高于≥2岁组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);单纯性助听器组和人工耳蜗和/或助听器组患儿干预6个月、12个月声音定位能力评分高于本组干预前,干预12个月两组患儿认知发育水平高于本组干预前,且干预12个月时,人工耳蜗和/或助听器组声音定位能力高于单纯性助听器组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论单、双侧听力损伤干预前声音定位能力存在差异,经干预后声音定位能力及认知发育水平均有改善,单侧听力损伤声音定位能力改善效果优于双侧,尤以<2岁进行早期干预和应用人工耳蜗和/或助听器技术效果最佳。Objective To explore the correlation between different clinical features and sound localization ability and cognitive development level in children with hearing loss,so as to provide important guidance for rational intervention.Methods A total of 80 children with hearing loss admitted to Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital from January 2020 to May 2023 were selected as the study subjects.They were divided into unilateral group(n=28)and bilateral group(n=52)according to the type of hearing loss,and divided into<2 years old group(n=24)and≥2 years old group(n=56)according to age.They were divided into simple hearing aid group(n=55)and cochlear implant and/or hearing aid group(n=25)according to the type of auxiliary hearing device,and compared different clinical features with sound localization ability and cognitive development level.Results The score of sound localization ability of unilateral group was lower than that of bilateral group before intervention,and the score of sound localization ability of unilateral group was higher than that of bilateral group at 12 months after intervention,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of children<2 years old and≥2 years old at 6 months and 12 months after intervention were higher than those before intervention,and at 12 months after intervention,the scores of voice localization ability and cognitive development in<2 years old group were higher than those in≥2 years old group,with statistical significances(P<0.05).The score of sound localization ability of children in the simple hearing aid group and cochlear and/or hearing aid group at 6 months and 12 months after intervention were higher than those before intervention,the cognitive development level of children in the two groups at 12 months after intervention were higher than those before intervention,and at 12 months after intervention,the sound localization ability of the cochlear and/or hearing aid group was higher than that of the simple hearing aid group.The differences were stat

关 键 词：听力损失 声音定位能力 认知发育水平 助听器 

分 类 号：R764.04[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]