基于虚拟同步的V2G调度控制策略  

V2G Scheduling Control Strategy Based on Virtual Synchronization

作　　者：郑伟 张乐 张建军 吴长令 赵浩然 闫阔 ZHENG Wei;ZHANG Le;ZHANG Jianjun;WU Changling;ZHAO Haoran;YAN Kuo(Shandong Zhongshi Yitong Group Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250001,Shandong,China;State Grid Shandong Heze Power Supply Company,Heze 274000,Shandong,China;State Grid Shandong Zaozhuang Power Supply Company,Zaozhuang 277000,Shandong,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250012,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东中实易通集团有限公司,山东济南250001 [2]国网山东菏泽供电公司,山东菏泽274000 [3]国网山东枣庄供电公司,山东枣庄277000 [4]山东大学电气工程学院,山东济南250012

出　　处：《南方能源建设》2025年第2期116-127,共12页Southern Energy Construction

基　　金：山东中实易通集团有限公司科技项目“综合能源系统技术研究”(ZN23-41);山东省自然科学基金资助项目“轮毂电机驱动电动汽车制动转矩在线协调控制与能量回馈系统研究”(ZR2022ME004)。

摘　　要：[目的]随着电动汽车数量的快速增加,电动汽车储能对电网的影响日益显著。为了实现电动汽车充电站与电网的动态交互,利用电动汽车储能调节负荷,以减小峰谷差和对电网的冲击,文章提出了一种基于虚拟同步技术的控制调度策略,考虑将无功响应纳入新型电力系统。[方法]首先,文章采用日前申请机制,建立了双层滚动优化调度模型,用于制定各充电站的充电计划。随后,针对V2G(Vehicle to Grid)系统的工作模式和特点,提出了一种改进型虚拟同步控制方式。该控制方式下,功率能够双向流动,并通过V2G调度控制策略进行最优分配,从而实现有功和无功的调度响应。[结果]实验结果表明:所提出的策略能够有效减小电动汽车充放电对电力系统的冲击,增强系统的稳定性。此外,通过将上层调度指令下发到下层V2G变换器控制上,可以很好地实现充电站与电网的双向互动。[结论]上层调度策略与下层变换器控制策略的结合,不仅满足了V2G系统的基本需求,还展现出良好的输出特性。这一控制调度策略为未来电力系统的稳定运行提供了有力保障。[Objective]With the rapid increase in the number of electric vehicles(EVs),the impact of EV energy storage on the power grid has become increasingly significant.To enable dynamic interaction between EV charging stations and the grid,and to use EV energy storage to regulate load in order to reduce peak-valley differences and mitigate grid impacts,this paper proposes a control and scheduling strategy based on virtual synchronous technology,considering the integration of reactive power response into the new power system.[Method]Firstly,a day-ahead application mechanism was adopted,and a two-layer rolling optimization scheduling model was established to formulate charging plans for each charging station.Then,considering the working mode and characteristics of the V2G(Vehicle to Grid)system,an improved virtual synchronous control method was proposed.Under this control method,power can flow bidirectionally,and optimal power distribution was achieved through the V2G scheduling control strategy,thereby realizing both active and reactive power dispatch responses.[Result]Experimental results show that the proposed strategy effectively reduces the impact of EV charging and discharging on the power system,enhancing system stability.Additionally,by issuing upper-level scheduling instructions to the lower-level V2G converter controls,bidirectional interaction between charging stations and the grid can be well realized.[Conclusion]The combination of the upper-level scheduling strategy and lower-level converter control strategy not only meets the basic needs of the V2G system but also demonstrates excellent output characteristics.This control and scheduling strategy provides strong support for the stable operation of future power systems.

关 键 词：虚拟同步发电机 电动汽车 V2G 实时滚动优化 调度策略 控制策略 

分 类 号：TK01[动力工程及工程热物理] TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]