基于多特征融合的锂电池热失控预警方法  

Lithium Battery Thermal Runaway Warning Method Based on Multi-Feature Fusion

作　　者：戴明威 张春富[1] 杨佳武 DAI Mingwei;ZHANG Chunfu;YANG Jiawu(School of Electrical Engineering,Yancheng Institute of Technology,Yancheng 224051,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]盐城工学院电气工程学院,江苏盐城224051

出　　处：《南方能源建设》2025年第2期128-133,共6页Southern Energy Construction

基　　金：江苏省研究生实践创新计划资助项目“一种基于可控均衡电流的锂电池均衡技术”(SJCX22_1684)。

摘　　要：[目的]锂电池在工作存储过程中会产生大量热量,温度异常会影响锂电池寿命和循环效率,极端情况甚至会引起爆炸,因此锂电池的热失控预警研究,对保证锂电池的运行安全具有重要意义。[方法]使用DTW-Kmeans算法对锂电池的异常温升速率进行识别,随后结合锂电池安全阀开启后表面温度下降的物理特征,采用了双特征融合的方法提出了对锂电池热失控的预警机制。[结果]重复性实验验证了本预警算法可有效地通过温升速率来区分出异常锂电池,并且能够识别异常锂电池温升速率由正向负的突变,综合识别准确率超过90%。[结论]该预警算法能够准确识别出温升速率异常的锂电池,并且能够及时准确地检测锂电池安全阀开启时间和位置。因此,该预警算法可以为锂电池热失控提供预警,从而保障锂电池组的安全运行。[Objective]During the operation and storage of lithium batteries,substantial heat is generated.Anomalies in temperature can impact the lifespan and cycling efficiency of lithium batteries,and in extreme cases,may lead to explosions.Therefore,research on thermal runaway warning for lithium batteries is crucial for ensuring their operational safety.[Method]The DTW-Kmeans algorithm was employed to identify anomalies in the temperature rise rate of lithium batteries.Subsequently,the physical characteristic of surface temperature decrease following the opening of the lithium battery safety valve was incorporated.A dual-feature fusion approach was utilized to propose a thermal runaway warning mechanism for lithium batteries.[Result]Repetitive experiments have validated the effectiveness of the proposed early warning algorithm in distinguishing abnormal lithium batteries based on temperature rise rates.Furthermore,it is capable of identifying the sudden change in temperature rise rates from positive to negative in abnormal lithium batteries,achieving a comprehensive recognition accuracy rate exceeding 90%.[Conclusion]The early warning algorithm is able to accurately identify lithium batteries with abnormal temperature rise rates,and can promptly and precisely detect the timing and location of the opening of the safety valve in the lithium battery.Consequently,this early warning algorithm serves as a preemptive measure against thermal runaway in lithium batteries,thereby safeguarding the safe operation of lithium-ion battery packs.

关 键 词：锂电池 DTW-Kmeans 安全阀 多特征融合 热失控预警 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]