三门峡地区儿童幽门螺旋杆菌感染及耐药情况的调查分析  

Helicobacter pylori infection and drug resistance in children in Sanmenxia area

作　　者：彭文娟 刘京涛[1] 李婉莹 段艳霞 赵艳 Peng Wenjuan;Liu Jingtao;Li Wanying;Duan Yanxia;Zhao Yan(WardⅡ,Department of Pediatrics,Sanmenxia Central Hospital,Sanmenxia 472000,China)

机构地区：[1]三门峡市中心医院普通儿科二病区,三门峡472000

出　　处：《中国实用医刊》2025年第1期13-16,共4页Chinese Journal of Practical Medicine

基　　金：三门峡市2022年科技发展计划项目(2022003020)。

摘　　要：目的调查分析三门峡地区儿童幽门螺旋杆菌(HP)感染情况及耐药情况。方法回顾性研究。抽取2022年1月至2023年12月三门峡地区消化内科和儿科中主诉上消化道相关症状的患儿468例。采集每位患儿的胃黏膜组织样本进行HP菌株鉴定,并对阳性标本开展药敏试验。结果本研究纳入的三门峡地区468例患儿中,HP阳性率为30.98%(145/468);其中男童HP阳性率为30.67%(88/287),女童HP阳性率为31.49%(57/181),不同性别儿童HP阳性率比较差异未见统计学意义(P>0.05)。5~9岁儿童HP阳性率(22.92%,22/96)最低,10~14岁儿童HP阳性率(33.15%,61/184)最高,但不同年龄阶段的患儿HP阳性率比较差异未见统计学意义(P>0.05)。胃食管反流、慢性胃炎、十二指肠炎、消化道溃疡患儿的HP阳性率比较差异未见统计学意义(P>0.05)。城市儿童HP阳性率为31.23%(94/301),农村儿童HP阳性率为30.54%(51/167),不同地区儿童HP阳性率比较差异未见统计学意义(P>0.05)。药敏试验结果显示,HP阳性菌株对甲硝唑耐药率(74.48%,108/145)最高,其次依次为替硝唑(53.10%,77/145)、克拉霉素(33.10%,48/145)、阿莫西林(16.55%,24/145);对阿莫西林的敏感率最高(24.83%,36/145),其次依次为克拉霉素(23.45%,34/145)、替硝唑(17.93%,26/145)、甲硝唑(5.51%,8/145)。结论三门峡地区儿童HP感染率为30.98%,HP阳性菌株对不同药物耐药性存在差异,临床应加强感染流行特征监测,根据药敏试验结果合理选择药物进行治疗。ObjectiveTo investigate the Helicobacter pylori(HP)infection and drug resistance in children in Sanmenxia area.MethodsA total of 468 children with complaints of upper gastrointestinal tract-related symptoms attending Departments of Gastroenterology and Pediatrics in Sanmenxia area from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected for the retrospective study.Gastric mucosa tissue samples were collected from every child for isolation,identification and drug sensitivity test of HP.ResultsThe total prevalence rate of HP infection in the 468 children in Sanmenxia was 30.98%(145/468).Among them,the prevalence of HP infection was 30.67%(88/287)in boys and 31.49%(57/181)in girls,with no statistical difference in HP infection rate between children with different genders(P>0.05).The prevalence of HP infection was lowest in 5-9 year old group(22.92%,22/96)and was highest in 10-14 year old group(33.15%,61/184),but no statistical difference was found in HP infection rate among children of different age groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in HP infection rate among children with gastroesophageal reflux,chronic gastritis,duodenitis and digestive tract ulcer(P>0.05).The HP positive rate in urban children was 31.23%(94/301),which had no significant difference with the HP pasitive rate(30.54%,51/167)in rural children(P>0.05).Drug sensitivity test showed that HP-positive strains had the highest rate of resistance to metronidazole(74.48%,108/145),followed by tinidazole(53.10%,77/145),clarithromycin(33.10%,48/145),and amoxicillin(16.55%,24/145)in sequence.The sensitivity of HP-positive strains to amoxicillin was the highest(24.83%,36/145),followed by clarithromycin(23.45%,34/145),tinidazole(17.93%,26/145),and metronidazole(5.51%,8/145)in sequence.ConclusionsThe overall infection rate of HP in children in Sanmenxia area is found to be 30.98%,and HP-positive strains had different resistances to different drugs,therefore,the monitoring on the prevalence characteristics of the HP infection should be strengthened in clinical

关 键 词：幽门螺旋杆菌 三门峡地区 儿童 耐药性 

分 类 号：R725.7[医药卫生—儿科] R446.5[医药卫生—临床医学]