内蒙古河套灌区向日葵和玉米农田耕作层土壤细菌群落特征及构建影响因子  

Soil Bacterial Community Characteristics and Construction Influencing Factors of Sunflower and Maize Plough Layer in Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia

作　　者：宋波 李文宝[1,2] 郭鑫 史玉娇[1] 张博尧 金宇琦 SONG Bo;LI Wen-bao;GUO Xin;SHI Yu-jiao;ZHANG Bo-yao;JIN Yu-qi(Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Water Resources Protection and Utilization,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrated Management of Water Resources and Water Environment in the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River,Hohhot 010018,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学水资源保护与利用自治区重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]黄河流域内蒙段水资源与水环境综合治理协同创新中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《土壤通报》2025年第1期189-200,共12页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2020ZD009);国家自然基金项目(52160021);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2021MS05043);内蒙古自治区科技攻关项目(2020GG0009);内蒙古自治区高等学校“青年科技英才支持计划”项目(NJYT-20-A14)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究内蒙古河套灌区秋收后非生长季向日葵和玉米农田耕作层土壤细菌群落特征及其影响因子,为深入了解当地农田土壤细菌群落构建机制提供基础数据。【方法】于10月份上旬(生长季结束后)采集河套灌区向日葵、玉米农田耕作层0~10 cm、10~20 cm及以下20~30 cm土层土壤,利用16S rRNA高通量测序技术测定土壤细菌群落组成和多样性,利用基于βNTI和RCbray指数的零模型方法区分细菌群落构建过程,并分析土壤含水率(SWC)、容重(BD)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、总有机碳(TOC)等理化性质对土壤细菌群落构建的影响。【结果】(1)随土层深度增加,多数向日葵,玉米农田土壤细菌相对丰度增大、其群落多样性减小,且土壤优势菌门均为绿弯菌门(Chloroflex)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)。(2)向日葵和玉米农田不同深度土壤细菌群落稳定性大小分别依次为20~30 cm>0~10 cm>10~20 cm和10~20 cm>20~30 cm>0~10 cm,且土壤细菌群落空间网络关系以合作为主。(3)向日葵农田土壤细菌群落构建由随机过程和确定性过程共同控制,而玉米农田土壤细菌群落构建全部由随机过程控制、且以扩散限制过程为主导。(4)Mantel检验结果表明虽然SWC、BD、TN和C:N对向日葵、玉米农田土壤细菌群落结构影响显著,而TOC、TP才是影响两作物农田耕层土壤细菌群落构建的主要因子。【结论】内蒙古河套灌区非作物生长季(10月份)向日葵、玉米农田不同深度土壤细菌群落组成类似,但其相对丰度差异明显,且细菌群落构建均以随机过程中的扩散限制机制为主导;不同深度土层间的TOC、TP差异是影响细菌群落构建在随机性过程和确定性过程之间转变的关键因子。[Objective]The aim was to explore the characteristics and influencing factors of soil bacterial community in the plough layer of sunflower and corn fields in the non-growing season after autumn harvest in Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia,and to provide basic data for further understanding the mechanism of soil bacterial community construction in local farmland.[Method]Soil samples were collected from 0~10 cm,10~20 cm and below 20~30 cm soil layers of sunflower and corn fields in Hetao Irrigation District in early October(after the end of the growing season).The composition and diversity of soil bacterial communities were determined by 16 S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology.The zero model method based onβNTI and RCbray index was used to distinguish the bacterial community construction process,and the effects of soil water content(SWC),bulk density(BD),total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),total organic carbon(TOC)and other physical and chemical properties on soil microbial community construction were analyzed.[Result]①With the increase of soil depth,the relative abundance of soil bacteria in most sunflower and corn fields increased,and the community diversity decreased.The dominant bacteria in soil were Chloroflex,Acidobacteria,Proteobacteria and Actinobacteriota.②The stability of soil bacterial community in different depths of sunflower and maize farmland was 20~30 cm>0~10 cm>10~20 cm and 10~20 cm>20~30 cm>0~10 cm,respectively,and the spatial network relationship of soil bacterial community was dominated by cooperation.③The construction of soil bacterial community in the plough layer of sunflower farmland was controlled by both random process and deterministic process,while the construction of soil bacterial community in the plough layer of maize farmland was all controlled by random process and dominated by diffusion limitation process.④The results of Mantel test showed that although SWC,BD,TN and C:N had significant effects on the soil bacterial community structure of sunflower an

关 键 词：河套灌区 耕作层 土壤菌群 群落特征 构建机制 

分 类 号：S154.36[农业科学—土壤学]