浙江台州典型电器拆解场地上层和下层土壤微生物群落结构与功能分析  

Characterization of Microbial Community Structure and Function in Soil Upper Layer and Lower Layer of a Typical Electrical Waste Dismantling Site in Taizhou,Zhejiang

作　　者：方莎莎 张世敏[2] 曾军[1] 吴宇澄[1] 林先贵[1] FANG Sha-sha;ZHANG Shi-min;ZENG Jun;WU Yu-cheng;LIN Xian-gui(Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;College of Life Sciences,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),江苏南京210008 [2]河南农业大学生命科学学院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《土壤通报》2025年第1期254-261,共8页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1804203)。

摘　　要：【目的】电器拆解场地地表污染物可能向下层迁移,了解不同深度土壤微生物群落组成和功能特征有助于评估生物降解潜力。【方法】以浙江省台州市某电器拆解场地为研究对象,设置6个采样点。从土壤柱状样中选取上层(0~1 m)和下层(5~6 m)样品,采用16SrRNA基因扩增子测序和宏基因组测序方法,比较上层和下层土壤微生物组成和功能特征。【结果】16SrRNA基因扩增子测序结果显示上层和下层土壤中微生物组成分异明显,下层土壤微生物多样性显著低于上层。下层土壤中硫氧化驱动的化能自养微生物以及适应寡营养环境的细菌变得丰富,上层土壤细菌共现网络结构远比下层复杂。宏基因组测序结果显示上层和下层土壤中微生物功能特征存在差异,下层土壤硫氧化及自养代谢潜力强于上层。上层和下层土壤都具有多种有机污染物降解潜力,特定降解基因丰度有所不同。【结论】电器拆解场地土壤微生物组群落结构受到深度发生变化影响,能量代谢与碳同化特征明显不同,提示上层和下层土壤中有机污染物可能具有不同的微生物转化规律。本研究将为电器拆解场地污染治理与生态恢复提供科学依据。[Objective]It is known that upper layer pollutants from electrical waste dismantling sites have the potential to migrate to lower layer of soil.Understanding the community and functional characteristics of soil microbiomes at varying depths could assess the potential for biodegradation.[Method]At an electrical waste dismantling site located in Taizhou,Zhejiang Province,six sampling points were established.Samples were collected from soil columns at upper layer(0~1 m)and lower layer(5~6 m).The microbial composition and functional characteristics of soil microorganisms at different depths were compared using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and metagenome sequencing methods.[Result]Analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing results revealed differences in microbial compositions between upper layer and lower layer,with significantly lower microbial diversity in the lower layer.Sulfur oxidation-dependent chemoautotrophic microorganisms,as well as bacteria adapted to oligotrophic environments,were found to be abundant in the lower layer.Furthermore,the bacterial coexistence network structure was found to be much more complex in the upper layer.Metagenome sequencing results showed that the functional characteristics of soil microorganisms differed between upper layer and lower layer,with stronger sulfur oxidation and autotrophic metabolism potential in the lower layer.Both upper layer and lower layer also exhibited the potential to degrade a variety of organic pollutants,while the abundance of specific degradation genes differed.[Conclusion]This study underscores the impact of depth on soil microbial community structures at electrical waste dismantling sites,with significant differences in energy metabolism and carbon assimilation characteristics.The findings suggest that organic pollutants in soil upper layer and lower layer may follow different microbial transformation patterns.Overall,this study provides valuable insights into pollution management and ecological restoration efforts at electrical waste dismantlin

关 键 词：电器拆解场地 16SrRNA基因扩增子测序 宏基因组测序 微生物群落分析 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]