铁路混凝土防冻剂应用现状与优化研究  

Application Status and Optimization Research of Railway Concrete Antifreeze

作　　者：余学鹏 赵怡岚 孙德易 YU Xuepeng;ZHAO Yilan;SUN Deyi(China Railway Engineering Design and Consulting Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100055,China;Beijing Delicheng Technology Service Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 102600,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司,北京100055 [2]北京得利成技术服务有限公司,北京102600

出　　处：《铁道勘察》2025年第2期53-58,共6页Railway Investigation and Surveying

基　　金：国家铁路局课题研究计划项目(2023-BZWW-006)。

摘　　要：混凝土防冻剂具有防止混凝土遭受早期冻害,促进混凝土早期强度增长等作用。掺加防冻剂是解决铁路混凝土冬季施工安全隐患问题最为简单有效的方法之一。分别介绍强电解质无机盐类防冻剂、水溶性有机化合物类防冻剂及有机化合物与无机盐复合类防冻剂的优缺点,总结防冻剂的应用现状及存在问题。研究防冻剂对水泥胶砂强度及混凝土工作性能、力学性能和耐久性能的影响。结果表明,防冻剂对混凝土坍落度的影响取决于组成成分,三乙醇胺、乙二醇会降低混凝土坍落度,碳酰胺会增大混凝土坍落度;防冻剂会降低新拌混凝土含气量;防冻剂能够有效提高水泥胶砂、混凝土强度,三乙醇胺、乙二醇和硫氰酸钠复掺、三乙醇胺、甲酸钙和硫氰酸钠复掺的效果较为明显;有机化合物与无机盐复合类防冻剂能够有效克服强电解质无机盐类防冻剂对混凝土抗冻性的损害,从而提高混凝土抗冻性。Concrete antifreeze has the function of preventing early freezing damage to concrete and promoting early strength growth of concrete.Adding antifreeze is one of the simplest and most effective methods to solve the safety hazards of railway concrete construction in winter.This paper introduced the advantages and disadvantages of strong electrolyte inorganic salt antifreeze,water-soluble organic compound antifreeze,and summarized the current application status and existing problems of antifreeze agents.The influence of antifreeze on the strength of cement mortar,as well as the workability,mechanical properties,and durability of concrete were studied.The results shows that the effect of antifreeze on the slump of concrete depends on its composition.Triethanolamine and ethylene glycol reduce the slump of concrete,while carboxamide increases it.Antifreeze will reduce the air content of fresh concrete,antifreeze agents can effectively improve the strength of cement mortar and concrete.The effects of adding triethanolamine,ethylene glycol,and sodium thiocyanate,as well as triethanolamine,calcium formate,and sodium thiocyanate are more significant.Organic compound and inorganic salt composite antifreeze can effectively overcome the damage of strong electrolyte inorganic salt antifreeze to the frost resistance of concrete,thereby achieving the effect of improving the frost resistance of concrete.

关 键 词：铁路 混凝土 防冻剂 强度 工作性能 抗冻性 

分 类 号：U213.1[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U214