漂浮水稻种植对沉陷区水体环境的影响研究  

Impact of Floating Rice Cultivation on the Water Environment of Subsided Areas

作　　者：陈晓辉 韦可民 刘旭 郑曦晨 介晓泷 吕逸杰 申礼鹏 张世文[2] CHEN Xiaohui;WEI Kemin;LIU Xu;ZHENG Xichen;JIE Xiaoshuang;LV Yijie;SHEN Lipeng;ZHANG Shiwen(Resource and Environmental Protection Department,Huaihe Energy Group Corporation,Huainan Anhui 232001,China;School of Earth and Environment,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan Anhui 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]淮河能源集团公司资源环保部,安徽淮南232001 [2]安徽理工大学地球与环境学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《安徽理工大学学报(自然科学版)》2024年第6期71-80,共10页Journal of Anhui University of Science and Technology:Natural Science

基　　金：采煤地表沉陷区水面种植关键技术及模式研究与示范(HX2024012395);安徽理工大学校级重点项目(2024cx2009)。

摘　　要：目的为解决采煤地表沉陷区水体利用困难、耕地功能难以恢复和潜在环境影响不易治理的问题,并进一步探讨漂浮水稻种植技术在采煤沉陷区水面种植可行性和其生态修复中的应用。方法选取了种养结合模式、纳米膜模式和浮筒模式3种不同的漂浮水稻种植模式,分别对水体的总氮、总磷、溶解氧、重金属含量和化学需氧量等水质指标以及藻类生长状况进行动态监测与对比分析,系统地评估不同种植模式对沉陷区水体水质的影响作用,综合探讨了漂浮水稻种植技术与沉陷区水质关联性及其对生态的影响。结果结果表明,3种水稻种植模式中种养结合模式在改善水质方面表现最为优越,该模式种植的乐优966水稻品种显著降低了水体中总氮和总磷含量,其中总磷下降31.7%,总氮下降27.0%,并且水稻种植对水体藻类生长未表现出显著影响,不会造成水华现象。结论漂浮水稻种植技术不仅有效利用了沉陷区的水体资源,还具有水质净化和生态修复的双重效益,为采煤沉陷区水体治理与生态重建提供了一条创新且可行的途径。Objective To rise to the challenges of utilizing water bodies in coal mining subsidence areas,restoring farmland functions and mitigating potential environmental impacts,this study further explores the feasibility of floating rice cultivation on water surfaces in coal mining subsidence areas and its application in ecological restoration.Methods Three different floating rice cultivation models-integrated farming model,nanomembrane model and floating raft model-were selected.The key water quality indicators,including total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),dissolved oxygen(DO),heavy metal content and chemical oxygen demand(COD),as well as algal growth dynamics,were monitored and analyzed.The effects of these cultivation models on water quality in subsidence areas were systematically evaluated.The relationship between floating rice cultivation technology and water quality in subsidence areas,along with its ecological impacts,was comprehensively assessed.Results Among the three floating rice cultivation models,the integrated farming model demonstrated the most significant improvement in water quality.Rice of the variety Leyou 966 cultivated in this model markedly reduced TN and TP concentrations in the water,with TP decreasing by 31.7%and TN by 27.0%.Moreover,rice cultivation did not significantly affect algal growth,and no algal bloom phenomenon was observed.Conclusion the floating rice cultivation technology not only utilizes water resources in subsidence areas effectively but also provides dual benefits of water purification and ecological restoration.This approach offers an innovative and viable solution for water management and ecological reconstruction in coal mining subsidence areas,contributing to sustainable development and ecological balance.

关 键 词：漂浮水稻 采煤沉陷区 环境关联性 水体环境 生态修复 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]