铅污染土壤淋洗修复和淋洗废液处理研究与实践  

Research and Practice on Soil Washing Remediation of Lead Contamination and Treatment of Washing Wastewater

作　　者：崔航 

机构地区：[1]上海亚新城市建设有限公司 [2]自然资源部大都市区国土空间生态修复工程技术创新中心

出　　处：《节能与环保》2025年第3期39-46,共8页Energy Conservation & Environment Protection

基　　金：上海市生态环境局科研项目(沪环科[2021]第13号)。

摘　　要：以上海某铅(Pb)污染场地为例,从淋洗剂选择、淋洗参数确定、淋洗废液处理、工程应用效果等方面论述淋洗修复技术的适用性。对比分析乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)、草酸、柠檬酸对Pb污染土壤的淋洗效果,结果表明EDTA淋洗效果最佳,Pb的去除率与EDTA淋洗液质量浓度和淋洗时间呈正相关。采用芬顿氧化结合碱沉淀法对EDTA淋洗废液中的化学需氧量和Pb进行处理,分别选取双氧水和过碳酸钠作为氧化剂,结果表明两种氧化剂均对废液具有很好的处理效果。工程实施前,通过粒径分级试验优化淋洗液与污染土壤的质量比,经淋洗修复后土壤中Pb的去除率达到81.7%以上,处理后的废水满足达标排放要求。该研究结果可为Pb污染土壤淋洗修复工程项目提供理论支撑和经验参考。This study investigates the applicability of soil washing remediation technology for a lead(Pb)-contaminated site in Shanghai,focusing on the selection of washing agents,determination of washing parameters,treatment of washing wastewater,and assessment of engineering application performance.A comparative analysis was conducted using three washing agents—ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA),oxalic acid,and citric acid—to evaluate their effectiveness in removing Pb from contaminated soil.The results indicate that EDTA demonstrated the highest Pb removal efficiency,with the removal rate positively correlated with EDTA concentration and washing time.Fenton oxidation combined with alkaline precipitation was employed to treat chemical oxygen demand and Pb in the EDTA washing wastewater,using hydrogen peroxide and sodium percarbonate as oxidants.Both oxidants achieved effective treatment results.Prior to full-scale implementation,the liquid-to-soil mass ratio was optimized through a particle size classification test.After the soil washing remediation,the removal rate of Pb in the soil reached over 81.7%,and the treated wastewater met the discharge standards.The findings of this study provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the remediation of Pb-contaminated soils using washing technologies.

关 键 词：铅污染 EDTA 粒径分级试验 淋洗修复 过碳酸钠 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X703