硬岩隧道爆破膏体封孔破岩效果研究  

Study on Rock Breaking Effect of Blasting Paste Hole Sealing in Hard Rock Tunnel

作　　者：宗琦[1] 巩义鑫 汪海波[1] 来永辉 权树恩 杨棚 ZONG Qi;GONG Yixin;WANG Haibo;LAI Yonghui;QUAN Shuen;YANG Peng(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Anhui University of Technology,Huainan Anhui 232001,China;The First Engineering Department,Zhejiang Tunnel Engineering Group Co,Ltd,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310010,China;Zhejiang Qinhe Environmental Construction Co.,Ltd,Jiaxing Zhejiang 314300,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学土木建筑学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]浙江省隧道工程集团有限公司第一工程处,浙江杭州310010 [3]浙江秦核环境建设有限公司,浙江嘉兴314001

出　　处：《安徽理工大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期92-98,共7页Journal of Anhui University of Science and Technology:Natural Science

基　　金：矿山地下工程教育部工程研究中心开放基金(JYBGCZX2022104);安徽省爆破器材与技术工程实验室开放基金一般项目(AHBP2022B-01)。

摘　　要：目的为解决隧道钻孔爆破时封孔质量差带来的爆炸能量浪费,爆破效果差等问题。方法采用数值模拟及现场实验相结合的方法,建立炮孔不封堵和膏体封堵计算模型,对硬岩爆破膏体封孔爆炸应力场分布特征展开研究。结果两种计算模型应力波的衰减规律大致相同,即出现瞬时峰值后迅速衰减,最终衰减趋于稳定;膏体堵塞模型产生的应力波更强且更均匀,爆炸应力场强度同比提高了41%~62%,出现最大应力峰值所需时间提前30μs,此外,岩体形成完全径向裂隙;通过现场实验,验证了采用膏体快速封孔操作,封孔效率高,爆破后循环进尺提高了16.1%,形成较好的爆破效果。结论膏体材料性能良好、工艺简单,能够有效延长爆生气体的作用时间,提高了破岩效率,节约了工作时间并降低了成本,对实际工程应用提拱重要指导意义。Objective In order to solve the problems of waste of explosive energy and poor blasting effect caused by poor quality of sealing holes when blasting tunnel boreholes.Methods The calculation models of the unsealed holes and paste sealed one were established by using a combination of numerical simulation and field experiments,and the study was carried out on the distribution characteristics of the explosive stress field of the blasting paste sealed holes in hard rock.Results The attenuation laws of the stress wave of the two calculation models were similar,i.e.,the instantaneous peak appeared first,then rapidly decayed,and eventually tended to stabilize.The paste sealing model,compared with the unsealing,produced a stronger and more uniform stress wave,the strength of the explosive stress field increased by 41%to 62%,and the time required for the appearance of the maximum stress peak was advanced by 30μs,in addition,with the rock body forming a completely radial fracture.The field experiments verified the good blasting effect of the rapid hole sealing operation.Conclusion The way of the sealing holes with paste material has a good performance and simple process,effectively prolonging the action time of the explosive gas,improving the efficiency of rock breaking,saving the working time and reducing the cost,which is of great significance for the practical engineering application.

关 键 词：钻孔爆破 堵塞材料 应力场分布 破裂破碎效果 

分 类 号：TD712[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]