植被覆盖区多源遥感卫星数据成矿要素信息提取与靶区圈定——以云南易门地区为例  

Extraction of Mineralization Elements and Delineation of Prospecting Targets Using Multi-Source Remote Sensing Satellite Data in Vegetation-Covered Areas:A Case Study of the Yimen Area,Yunnan Province

作　　者：吴夏涛 陈辉[2,3] 张晓飞 王珺璐 俞炳 冯依琳 代晶晶 WU Xiatao;CHEN Hui;ZHANG Xiaofei;WANG Junlu;YU Bing;FENG Yilin;DAI Jingjing(Yunnan Copper Mineral Resources Exploration and Development Co.,Ltd,Kunming,Yunnan 650051;Development and Research Centre,China Geological Survey,Beijing 100037;Mineral Exploration Technical Guidance Center,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100037;Institute of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037)

机构地区：[1]云南铜业矿产资源勘查开发有限公司,云南昆明650051 [2]中国地质调查局发展研究中心,北京100037 [3]自然资源部矿产勘查技术指导中心,北京100037 [4]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,北京100037

出　　处：《地质与勘探》2025年第2期268-278,共11页Geology and Exploration

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目(编号:DD20230355、DD20230356);云南省重大科技专项计划项目(编号:202402AB080006-2);中地调研项目(编号:[2023]34)联合资助。

摘　　要：卫星遥感数据具有高覆盖率、低经济成本的优势,在岩石出露地区或低植被覆盖地区地质找矿中已经取得了成功应用。但对于植被茂密地区,植被的遮挡效应使得其下覆岩石的信息变弱,不同类型和密度的植被也会使光谱信息变得更加复杂,导致岩石信息难以有效分离提取,大大限制了地质特征的准确识别与精细解译。本文以云南易门地区为例开展植被覆盖区多源遥感卫星数据成矿要素信息提取研究。针对研究区沉积改造型铜矿的矿化特征和蚀变作用,结合特定层位赋矿、区域构造控矿等规律,建立了多源卫星遥感数据圈定找矿靶区的技术方案。首先,结合Landasat-8、ASTER多光谱影像以及资源一号02D卫星(ZY1-02D)和高分五号(GF-5)高光谱遥感影像进行蚀变信息提取,研究由褐铁矿、赤铁矿等含Fe^(3+)的矿物以及由白云石、方解石、绿泥石代表的热液蚀变作用;其次,基于多光谱和高光谱影像的岩性增强处理,开展地层解译可以识别含矿层位;再次,利用哨兵一号(Sentinel-1)数据提取构造信息,分析区域构造控矿的重点部位;最终,综合蚀变、地层、构造等信息,圈定找矿靶区。对圈定的22处靶区中的2处进行野外检查,新发现铜矿点1处、矿化点3处。该研究对于研究区内下一步的大比例尺找矿预测提供了方向,可为同类地区遥感成矿要素信息提取研究提供借鉴。Satellite remote sensing data,with its advantages of high coverage and low economic cost,has been successfully applied in geological prospecting in areas with exposed rocks or low vegetation cover.However,in densely vegetated areas,the masking effect of vegetation weakens the information of underlying rocks.Different types and densities of vegetation also complicate spectral information,making it difficult to effectively separate and extract rock information,which significantly limits the accurate identification and detailed interpretation of geological features.This paper takes the Yimen area of Yunnan Province as an example to extract mineralization element information using multi-source remote sensing satellite data in vegetation-covered areas.A technical scheme for delineating prospecting target areas using multi-source satellite remote sensing data has been established,focusing on the mineralization characteristics and alteration processes of sedimentary-reformed copper deposits in the study area.This scheme integrates the patterns of ore localization in specific stratigraphic horizons and regional structural controls on mineralization.Firstly,alteration information extraction was conducted using Landsat-8 and ASTER multispectral images,as well as hyperspectral remote sensing images from the ZY1-02D and GF-5 satellites.This study focused on hydrothermal alteration represented by minerals containing Fe^(3+),such as limonite and hematite,as well as minerals like dolomite,calcite,and chlorite.Secondly,lithological enhancement processing based on multispectral and hyperspectral images was performed to identify ore-bearing horizons through stratigraphic interpretation.Thirdly,structural information was extracted using Sentinel-1 data to analyze key areas of regional structural control on mineralization.Finally,by integrating alteration,stratigraphic,and structural information,prospecting target areas were delineated.Field inspections of two out of the 22 delineated target areas led to the discovery of one new cop

关 键 词：植被覆盖区 多光谱 高光谱 合成孔径雷达 找矿靶区预测 易门地区 云南 

分 类 号：P627[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]