遥感技术在现代盐湖研究中的应用现状及发展前景  

Application Status and Development Prospects of Remote Sensing Technology in Modern Salt Lakes Research

作　　者：代晶晶[1,2] 白龙洋 吴畅宇 DAI Jingjing;BAI Longyang;WU Changyu(State Key Laboratory of Deep Earth and Mineral Exploration,Institute of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100094;Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,Ministry of Natural Resources,Institute of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,深地探测与矿产勘查全国重点实验室,北京100094 [2]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,自然资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室,北京100037

出　　处：《地质与勘探》2025年第2期279-287,共9页Geology and Exploration

基　　金：郑绵平院士工作站项目(编号:HE2205、HE2206);中国地质科学院基本科研业务费专项经费(编号:JKYZD202405);中国地质调查项目(编号:DD20230286、DD20230358);成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室基本科研业务费(编号:KK2405)联合资助。

摘　　要：盐湖是重要的水体资源,锂、钾、镁、硼等矿产资源含量丰富,且对于环境变化有重要的指示意义。利用遥感技术开展盐湖研究具有宏观、动态、定量等优势,已成为盐湖资源及环境研究的重要技术手段之一。本文从盐湖卤水的理化参数遥感提取、盐湖矿产资源遥感预测与评估、盐湖及周围环境变化遥感监测三个方面系统总结了遥感技术在盐湖研究中的应用现状。盐湖卤水的理化参数遥感反演以水深为主,其它水体参数的遥感反演目前还在起步阶段;盐湖矿产资源遥感预测与评估主要以盐湖成矿预测及矿产资源量估算为主,盐湖及周围环境的遥感监测主要集中于湖面面积的变化监测及盐湖周边环境的动态监测。本文认为当前盐湖遥感研究存在盐湖实测数据收集较为困难、多光谱数据遥感盐湖信息挖掘欠深入、盐湖信息提取方法鲁棒性差等问题。未来,高时间分辨率、高空间分辨率、高光谱分辨率遥感数据的联合应用是盐湖研究发展的必然趋势,机器学习、深度学习等算法的不断改进是盐湖遥感信息提取的必然要求,建立全球盐湖资源的遥感评价体系是盐湖遥感发展的最终目标。Salt lakes are important water resources,and contain abundant lithium,potassium,magnesium,boron resources,which also hold important implications for environmental changes.The use of remote sensing technology for salt lake research offers advantages such as macroscopic,dynamic,and quantitative analysis,making it a crucial technical tool for studying salt lake resources and the environment.This paper systematically reviews the current applications of remote sensing technology in salt lake research from three aspects:remote sensing extraction of physical and chemical parameters of salt lake brine,remote sensing prediction and assessment of salt lake mineral resources,and remote sensing monitoring of changes in salt lake and their surrounding environments.The remote sensing inversion of the physical and chemical parameters of the salt lake brine focuses on the water depth,while the remote sensing inversion of other water parameters is still in its initial stage.The remote sensing prediction and assessment of the mineral resources of the salt lake mainly involve metallogenic prediction and the estimation of the mineral resources.Remote sensing monitoring of salt lakes and their surrounding environments primarily concentrates on changes in lake surface area and dynamic monitoring of the surrounding environment.This paper identifies current challenges in salt lake remote sensing research,including difficulties in collecting measured data,insufficient exploration of multispectral data for salt lake information,and poor robustness in information extraction methods.In the future,the combined application of high temporal,spatial,and spectral resolution remote sensing data will be an inevitable trend in salt lake research.Continuous improvements in algorithms such as machine learning and deep learning will be essential for remote sensing information extraction.Establishing a global remote sensing evaluation system for salt lake resources will be the ultimate goal of salt lake remote sensing development.

关 键 词：盐湖 遥感 矿产资源 环境 应用现状 发展趋势 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]