高速超导纳米线单光子探测器研究进展  

Research progress of high speed superconducting nanowire single-photon detector

作　　者：陈敬学 李浩[1] CHEN Jing-xue;LI Hao(State Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits,Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology,Chinese Academy of Science,ShangHai 200050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所,集成电路材料全国重点实验室,上海200050

出　　处：《功能材料与器件学报》2025年第1期1-10,共10页Journal of Functional Materials and Devices

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U24A20320);“量子通信与量子计算机”国家科技重大专项(2023ZD0300100)。

摘　　要：超导纳米线单光子探测器(SNSPD)是一种新型单光子探测器,相较于传统的单光子探测器,其具有高探测效率、低暗计数、高计数率、低时间抖动等优势,近年来在量子信息、激光雷达等领域大放异彩。随着技术的发展,量子通信、深空通信等应用对SNSPD的响应速度(即计数率)提出了更高的要求。本文首先介绍超导纳米线单光子探测器的基本原理,随后着重描述近年来高速SNSPD的研究进展,包括限制探测器计数率的因素及提升SNSPD计数率的方法,最后对高速SNSPD的未来发展趋势进行了展望。The superconducting nanowire single-photon detector(SNSPD)represents a novel class of single-photon detection devices.Compared with traditional single-photon detectors,it has advantages such as high detection efficiency,low dark count rate,high count rate and low timing jitter.In recent years,it has made remarkable achievements in fields like quantum information and laser radar.With the advancement of technology,applications such as quantum communication and deep-space laser communication have imposed higher requirements on the response speed(i.e.count rate)of SNSPDs.This paper first provides a brief introduction to the basic principles of SNSPDs,and then focuses on the research progress of high-speed SNSPDs.It mainly includes the factors restricting the count rate of SNSPDs and several methods to increase the count rate.Finally,the future development trends of highspeed SNSPDs are prospected.

关 键 词：超导单光子探测器 高速 量子通信 

分 类 号：O511.9[理学—低温物理]