新疆喀什噶尔河流域浅层地下水环境评价  

Evaluation of Shallow Groundwater Environment in the Kashgar River Basin,Xinjiang

作　　者：申得有 SHEN Deyou(Xinjiang Railway Survey and Design Institute Co.Ltd.,Urumqi 830011,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆铁道勘察设计院有限公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《海河水利》2025年第3期72-77,共6页Haihe Water Resources

摘　　要：地处干旱半干旱地区的新疆喀什地区,因地理及气候条件制约,地下水资源在工农业生产和人类生活中均发挥着极其重要的作用。以喀什噶尔河流域浅层地下水为评价对象,基于水位、水质、易溶盐监测点监测数据,运用水文地球化学、GIS等方面理论和技术,结合收集的历史资料对评价区浅层地下水环境开展现状及回顾性评价。结果表明:(1)评价区内从山前倾斜平原向细土平原区水化学类型由SO_(4)·HCO_(3)-Ca·Na·Mg型变为Cl·SO_(4)-Na型,矿化度随之逐渐增大;(2)5 a内喀什噶尔河流域喀什市、疏附县、疏勒县、英吉沙县北部部分区域内地下水位埋深呈现增大的趋势,但增幅不大(2 m左右);(3)局部区域水质出现恶化情况,区域内硫酸盐、总硬度原生较高,因此评价区地下水环境较差与原生地质环境密切相关。以上结论可对评价区地下水资源合理开发利用提供科学依据。Due to its arid and semi-arid climate,groundwater resources play a crucial role in industrial and agricultural production and daily life in Kashgar,Xinjiang.The shallow groundwater was evaluated in the Kashgar River Basin,using monitoring data on water levels,water quality,and soluble salts,along with hydrogeochemical theories and GIS technology,supplemented by historical data.The results indicated that:①The hydrochemical type shifted from SO_(4)·HCO_(3)-Ca·Na·Mg to Cl·SO_(4)-Na,moving from the piedmont sloping plain to the fine soil plain,with salinity increasing gradually.②Over the past five years,the groundwater table depth in Kashi City,Shufu County,Shule County,and the northern part of Yingjisha County showed a slight increase(approximately 2 meters),indicating that the groundwater environment is closely linked to the underlying geological conditions.③Local water quality was deteriorating,with naturally high levels of sulfate and total hardness,making the groundwater environment in the evaluation area less favorable.These findings provide a scientific basis for the sustainable development and utilization of groundwater resources in the evaluation area.

关 键 词：干旱半干旱地区 水文地球化学 地下水环境 回顾性评价 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]