新疆地区红花病害的病原菌分离及鉴定  

Isolation and Identification of Pathogens Causing Safflower Disease in Xinjiang Region

作　　者：王娜[1] 李桂英 包婷婷[1] 石胜华 何月 侯献飞 贾东海 张键[1] 赵君[1] WANG Na;LI Guiying;BAO Tingting;SHI Shenghua;HE Yue;HOU Xianfei;JIA Donghai;ZHANG Jian;ZHAO Jun(College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Hohhot Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Center,Hohhot 010010,China;Bayannur Agricultural and Livestock Product Quality and Safety Center,Bayannur 015000,China;Institute of Economic Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学园艺与植物保护学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]呼和浩特市农牧技术推广中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [3]巴彦淖尔市农畜产品质量安全中心,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015000 [4]新疆农科院经济作物研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《青岛农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期20-24,共5页Journal of Qingdao Agricultural University(Natural Science)

摘　　要：为了明确导致新疆地区红花(Garthamus tinctorius)病害的致病菌类型,以新疆乌鲁木齐、昌吉回族自治州奇台县和塔城地区裕民县采集的红花病样为材料,依据柯赫氏法则,采用组织分离法获得8株分离物,其中,2株鉴定为大丽轮枝菌(Verticillium dahliae)、4株鉴定为链格孢菌(Alternaria alternata)、1株鉴定为茄病镰刀菌(Fusarium solani),1株鉴定为芽枝状枝孢菌(Cladosporium cladosporioides)。采用茎秆针刺法和伤根接种法,对分离物分别进行回接鉴定,确定了除芽枝状枝孢菌外其余7株分离物均可侵染红花,导致发病。其中,大丽轮枝菌引起红花黄萎病,链格孢菌引起红花黑斑病,茄病镰刀菌引起红花根腐病。对红花致病菌的鉴定不仅可以丰富病害名录,同时还为红花病害的防控奠定基础。In order to identify the pathogenic bacteria those cause safflower(Garthamus tinctorius)disease in Xinjiang region,safflower disease samples were collected from Urumqi,Xinjiang,and Qitai County Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture in Xinjiang,and Yumin County in Tacheng Prefecture.Utilizing the tissue isolation method in accordance with Koch′s postulates,eight isolates were retrieved,including two strains of Verticillium dahliae,four strains of Alternaria alternata,one strain of Fusarium solani,and one strain of Cladosporium cladosporioides.These isolates were tested on safflower plants using both stem needle puncture and root injury inoculation techniques.Results confirmed that all isolates except C.cladosporioides were pathogenic to safflower.Thereinto,V.dahliae caused safflower yellow wilt,A.alternata caused black spot disease,and F.solani caused root rot in safflower.The identification of pathogens in safflower not only enriched the disease list but also layed a solid foundation for the prevention and control of safflower diseases.

关 键 词：红花病害 柯赫氏法则 大丽轮枝菌 链格孢 茄病镰刀菌 

分 类 号：S432.4[农业科学—植物病理学]