创业失败恐惧对数字创业意愿的双刃剑效应  

The double-edged sword effect of fear of entrepreneurial failure on digital entrepreneurship willingness

作　　者：蔺海沣 左谢兴 钟云华 Lin Haifeng;Zuo Xiexing;Zhong Yunhua(Research Center for Rural Education,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学乡村教育研究中心,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《科研管理》2025年第3期130-140,共11页Science Research Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金管理学一般项目:“青年返乡创业失败的修复机制与支持政策研究”(24BGL259,2024.10—2027.12)。

摘　　要：创业失败恐惧是VUCA情境下亟须高度重视的典型创业心理状态。既有研究多聚焦失败恐惧造成的负面效应,对创业失败恐惧作用的复杂性机制缺少深刻探索。本文借鉴复杂适应系统(CAS)理论,刻画创业失败恐惧对数字创业意愿的“双刃剑”效应模型,通过层级回归、结构方程模型(SEM)开展实证分析,结果显示:(1)创业失败恐惧对数字创业意愿的直接效应显著为负;(2)创业失败恐惧经由风险容忍度的降低“掣肘”数字创业意愿;(3)创业失败恐惧经由心理资本的积累“驱动”高数字创业意愿。研究进一步通过fsQCA方法证实上述结论并补充更细粒度结论:心理资本是驱动高数字创业意愿的核心条件,且高风险容忍度与高心理资本协同驱动高数字创业意愿。本文揭示了大学生创业失败恐惧对其数字创业意愿的双刃剑效应,不仅从理论上拓展了失败恐惧的效应研究,也为如何激发创业失败恐惧的积极效应和抑制其消极效应提供了重要管理启示。Fear of entrepreneurial failure is a typical entrepreneurial psychological state that requires great attention in the VUCA context. Existing studies have mostly focused on the negative effects caused by the fear of failure, but they have not deeply explored the complex mechanism of the fear of failure. In this paper, we drew on the theory of complex adaptive systems(CAS) to model the "double-edged sword" effect of fear of failure on digital entrepreneurship. The empirical analysis was carried out through the hierarchical regression and structural equation modeling(SEM), and the results showed that:(1) the direct effect of fear of entrepreneurial failure on digital entrepreneurial willingness is significantly negative;(2) the fear of entrepreneurial failure "constrains" digital entrepreneurial willingness by reducing risk tolerance;and(3) fear of entrepreneurial failure "drives" digital entrepreneurial willingness through psychological capital accumulation. The study further confirmed the above conclusions through the fsQCA method and added a more granular conclusion that high risk tolerance and high psychological capital can synergistically drive college students′ digital entrepreneurial willingness. This paper has revealed the "double-edged sword" effect of fear of failure on students′ digital entrepreneurial willingness, which has not only theoretically expanded the research on the effect of fear of failure, but also provided important managerial insights on how to stimulate the positive effect and inhibit the negative effect of fear of failure.

关 键 词：大学生 创业失败恐惧 数字创业意愿 风险容忍度 心理资本 

分 类 号：G647.38[文化科学—高等教育学]