西部民族地区高等教育人力资本投资效率评价及影响因素研究——基于DEA-Malmquist-Tobit模型  

Human Capital in Higher Education in Western Ethnic Regions Investment Efficiency Evaluation and Influencing Factors-Research Based on DEA-Malmquist-Tobit Model

作　　者：张浩乾 ZHANG Haoqian(Faculty of Education,Southwest University,Chongqing,400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教育学部,重庆400715

出　　处：《高等理科教育》2025年第2期62-73,共12页Higher Education of Sciences

基　　金：2022年度国家社科基金重大项目“西部农村和民族地区人力资本培育的方式和路径选择研究”(项目编号:22&ZD065)。

摘　　要：研究运用DEA-Malmquist-Tobit模型对2013—2021年西部民族地区高等教育人力资本投资效率进行综合评价及影响因素分析。结果表明,西部民族地区高等教育人力资本投资效率呈现波动上升趋势,但总体效率水平有待提升。大部分地区高等教育人力资本投资效率呈规模报酬递增趋势。西南民族地区高等教育投资效率整体高于西北民族地区。地区投资效率水平上升主要源于技术进步指数正向增长。高等教育水平、居民生活水平、高校对外交流水平中的国际合作研究派遣人次和投资效率正相关,文盲率所代表的地区受教育情况和投资效率负相关。为此,应采取加强人力资本投入、因地制宜制定投资策略、加强地区合作等措施,构建高等教育发展新格局。This study applied the DEA-Malmquist-Tobit model to comprehensively evaluate the efficiency of human capital investment in higher education in western ethnic regions from 2013 to 2021 and analyzed the influencing factors.The results indicated the efficiency of human capital investment in western ethnic regions showed a fluctuating upward trend,but the overall efficiency level need to be improved.The efficiency of human capital investment in most regions showed an increasing trend of returns to scale.The overall investment efficiency in southwestern ethnic regions was higher than that in northwestern ethnic regions.The increase in regional investment efficiency was mainly due to the positive growth of the technological progress index.The higher education level,the living standard of residents,and the international cooperation research dispatch in the level of higher education had a positive correlation with the investment efficiency,while the regional education situation represented by the illiteracy rate had a negative correlation with the investment efficiency.We should start from strengthening investment in human capital,formulating investment strategies tailored to local conditions,and strengthening regional cooperation to construct a new pattern of higher education.

关 键 词：西部民族地区 高等教育 人力资本投资效率 

分 类 号：G646[文化科学—高等教育学]