泛巴比伦主义思潮的发展历程探析——兼谈拉克伯里之“中华文明西来说”  

The Rise and Fall of Panbabylonism in Europe and Its Link with Lacouperie’s Sino-Babylonianism

作　　者：梅华龙 徐正 Mei Hualong;Xu Zheng(Department of Languages and Cultures in West Asia,School of Foreign Languages,Peking University,Beijing,100871,China;School of Languages and Cultures,University of Sydney,Camperdown,New South Wales,NSW 2006,Australia)

机构地区：[1]北京大学外国语学院西亚系,北京100871 [2]悉尼大学语言与文化学院,坎珀当NSW 2006

出　　处：《古代文明(中英文)》2025年第2期34-45,M0004,共13页The Journal of Ancient Civilizations

基　　金：北京大学区域与国别研究学术基金项目2023年度招标项目“东方学、泛巴比伦主义与‘中华文明西来说’相关研究”;国家社会科学基金重大项目“世界多元文明与多元知识体系的比较研究”(项目批号:24&ZD312)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：泛巴比伦主义主张将全球各大文明的历史根源追溯至古代两河流域,其思想萌芽可追溯至西方古典时代对古代两河文化的早期关注。随着西亚考古学与亚述学的蓬勃发展,泛巴比伦主义在19世纪末正式形成,并于20世纪初在德国达到其影响力的顶峰。泛巴比伦主义背后潜藏着民族主义、帝国主义和殖民主义元素。这些社会政治力量与学术思潮相互作用,展现出知识与权力以及学术研究与政治环境之间的紧密关联。此外,拉克伯里“中华文明西来说”与泛巴比伦主义均基于单源扩散主义,二者在研究方法和思想基础上具有一定的关联。Pan-Babylonianism,a theory that traces the origins of major civilizations in the world to ancient Mesopotamia,emerged from classical authors'fascination with Mesopotamian culture.With the progress of archaeology and Assyriology,it greatly developed in the late 19th century and reached its peak in early 20th-century Germany.Imbued with elements of nationalism,imperialism,and colonialism,this theory involves with complex sociopolitical forces and intellectual currents,thereby highlighting the intricate relationship between knowledge,power,and politics.Additionally,Lacouperie's"Sino-Babylonianism",which posits a Western origin for Chinese civilization,shares both methodological and ideological links with Pan-Babylonianism,as both theories are rooted in the framework of single source cultural diffusionism.

关 键 词：泛巴比伦主义 亚述学 东方学 拉克伯里 “中华文明西来说” 

分 类 号：K107[历史地理—历史学]