儿童非酒精性单纯性脂肪肝肠道菌群特征  

Gut microbiota characteristics in children with nonalcoholic fatty liver

作　　者：孟璐[1,2] 郑宏[1,2] 徐炎 邱建利[1,2] 管志伟[1,2] 李银丽 渠怡彤 MENG Lu;ZHENG Hong;XU Yan;QIU Jianli;GUAN Zhiwei;LI Yinli;QU Yitong(Pediatric Hospital,First Affiliated Hospital,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450000;School of Pediatrics,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学第一附属医院儿科医院,郑州450000 [2]河南中医药大学儿科医学院,郑州450000

出　　处：《临床与病理杂志》2024年第12期1645-1653,共9页Journal of Clinical and Pathological Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81804142,82205190);河南省自然科学基金(232300420057);中国博士后科学基金(2020M670026ZX,2023M731027);河南省博士后项目(201901029,HN2022096)。

摘　　要：目的:肠道菌群失调是非酒精性单纯性脂肪肝(nonalcoholic fatty liver,NAFL)儿童发病的重要因素之一,通过影响代谢途径、引发炎症反应、破坏肠道屏障等多种机制影响疾病的发生和发展。本研究旨在探讨NAFL儿童的肠道菌群结构及特征菌群。方法:选取2024年1月至4月于河南中医药大学第一附属医院就诊的NAFL患儿为NAFL组(n=6),同时纳入相同数量的健康志愿者作为健康组(n=6),采用16S rRNA测序分析2组粪便肠道菌群的多样性、结构差异和肠道特征菌属,并对肠道菌群功能进行预测。结果:NAFL组的Chao1指数明显低于健康组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);NAFL组Shannon指数和Simpson指数均较正常组低,但差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。与健康组比较,NAFL组的厚壁菌门、变形菌门、放线菌门丰度均升高,但差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);拟杆菌门丰度降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。功能预测显示:与健康组相比,NAFL组精氨酸生物合成、三羧酸循环、D-半乳糖降解、尿苷二磷酸-N-乙酰-D-氨基葡萄糖生物合成等代谢增强,厌氧功能顺式-11-二十碳单烯酸合成通路、脂肪酸延伸、甘露糖生物合成等过程相对减弱。结论:NAFL儿童的肠道菌群的丰度及结构组成明显改变,放线菌门可能是标志菌群,肠道菌群的改变通过影响多种代谢通路导致疾病的发生和发展。Objective:Gut microbiota dysbiosis is a key factor in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver(NAFL)in children,influencing disease onset and progression through mechanisms such as metabolic pathway disruption,inflammation,and damage to the intestinal barrier.This study aims to explore the gut microbiota composition and characteristic taxa in children with NAFL.Methods:From January to April 2024,children diagnosed with NAFL at the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine were enrolled as a NAFL group,while an equal number of healthy volunteers served as a control group.16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze fecal samples from both groups for diversity,structural differences,and characteristics bacterial genera.Functional predictions of gut microbiota were also performed.Results:The Chao1 index in the NAFL group was significantly lower than that in the healthy group(P<0.05),indicating reduced microbial richness.The Shannon and Simpson indices were also lower in the NAFL group,but the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).Compared with the healthy group,the relative abundances of Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,and Actinobacteria were higher in the NAFL group,though not statistically significant(all P>0.05),whereas the abundance of Bacteroidetes was significantly lower(P<0.05).Functional prediction revealed enhanced pathways in the NAFL group,including arginine biosynthesis,the tricarboxylic acid cycle,D-galactose degradation,and uridine diphosphate-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis.In contrast,pathways related to cis-11-eicosenoic acid biosynthesis,and fatty acid elongation,and mannose biosynthesis were relatively weakened.Conclusion:Children with NAFL exhibit significant alterations in gut microbiota composition and abundance.Actinobacteria may serve as a potential marker.These changes may contribute to disease development by affecting multiple metabolic pathways.

关 键 词：非酒精性单纯性脂肪肝 肠道菌群 16S rRNA 儿童及青少年 肥胖 超重 

分 类 号：R725.7[医药卫生—儿科]