硅基化石墨烯复合气凝胶的合成及其吸附性能  

Synthesis of Composite Graphene Aerogels with Silicon Functional Groups and Their Adsorption Properties

作　　者：杨子安 刘清旺 胡忠良[1] YANG Zian;LIU Qingwang;HU Zhongiang(College of Materials and Advanced Manufacturing,Hunan University of Technology,Zhuzhou Hunan 412007,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南工业大学材料与先进制造学院,湖南株洲412007

出　　处：《包装学报》2025年第2期104-112,共9页Packaging Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(21576075);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2024JJ7141)。

摘　　要：石墨烯气凝胶被认为是一种优异的环保吸附材料,对其结构的改性及简化其合成方法是该领域研究的热点。以氧化石墨烯为前驱体、盐酸多巴胺为交联剂、抗坏血酸为还原剂,利用液相组装法制备了石墨烯气凝胶,在此基础上,通过化学气相沉积法,引入硅基官能团,合成了硅基化石墨烯气凝胶,并对该气凝胶进行了XRD、SEM、FTIR表征和性能测试。研究结果表明,在生成石墨烯气凝胶的过程中,盐酸多巴胺能有效阻止石墨烯片的堆积,因而石墨烯片能够在气凝胶中均匀分布,通过相互搭接形成具有三维连通的多孔网络结构。硅基化石墨烯气凝胶表现出优异的疏水性和超高的亲油性,与水和油的接触角分别为145.36°和0°;此外,它还具有超低密度(3.87 mg/cm~3)、优异的吸附能力和极佳的吸附再生能力。对于有机溶剂,该气凝胶的吸附容量可达到186.8~345.2 g/g,且经过20次循环吸附后,仍能保留约80%初始吸附容量。Graphene aerogels have been thought as promising adsorbents for environmental remediation,while the studies on their structure modifications and the innovation of their synthesis methods have been research hotspots in materials science.Graphene aerogel was synthesized using graphene oxide as the precursor,dopamine hydrochloride as the crosslinking agent,and L-ascorbic acid as the reducing agent by liquid phase assembly,and then methyltriethoxysilane was hydrolyzed to graft Si groups on the aerogels by chemical vapour deposition,resulting in composite graphene aerogel with silicon functional groups.The graphene aerogel was characterized by XRD,SEM and FTIR and its properties were examined.The results showed that during the formation of graphene aerogel,dopamine hydrochloride can effectively prevent the graphene sheets stack,thus making them distribute uniformly,and the graphene sheets connected each other to form a 3D porous interconnected network structure.The graphene aerogel with silicon functional groups exhibits excellent hydrophobicity and lipophilicity,and the contact angles between it and water/oil are 145.36°and 0°,respectively.Furthermore,this graphene aerogel possesses ultralow density(3.87 mg/cm3),ultrahigh adsorption capacity and unique regenerability.The adsorption capacities of this graphene aerogel toward organic solvents can reach 186.8~345.2 g/g.Moreover,it can preserve about 80%of their initial adsorption capacity even after 20 adsorption-desorption cycles.

关 键 词：石墨烯气凝胶 疏水性 超亲油性 再生性能 油水分离 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TQ424[化学工程]