三元锂废料湿法回收技术现状与研究进展  

Status and development of lithium ion battery recycling by hydrometallurgical technology

作　　者：刘延红 LIU Yanhong(School of Science and Technology,Chuxiong Normal University,Chuxiong 275000,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]楚雄师范学院科学技术研究院,云南楚雄675000

出　　处：《云南大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期326-339,共14页Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：校级博士科研资助项目BSQD2301。

摘　　要：提升废旧动力电池再生利用水平是“十四·五”循环经济发展规划的重点任务,对保障国家能源资源安全和生态环境保护具有重大意义.目前,三元锂废旧电池再生利用率仅约22.5%,其中Li回收率不足75%,Ni、Co、Mn尽管回收率可达98.5%以上,但实际存在原料一致性较差、酸碱用量大、工艺流程较长、生产成本较高等问题.文章介绍了三元锂废料湿法回收技术现状和存在问题,分析了Li在工艺流程中的存在状态与富集技术,综述了选择性优先浸锂方法的研究进展与优缺点.选择性优先浸锂方法研究,低浓度锂盐溶液提锂技术研发,是关键共性技术和重点科研方向,对提升资源利用能力具有重要意义.It is a key task of the national 14th Five Year Plan for the development of circular economy,toimprove the recycling level of waste power batteries,which is of great significance for ensuring national energyand resource security.At present,the recycling rate of the waste ternary lithium batteries is less than 22.5%,and Lirecovery rate is less than 75%.Ni,Co,Mn recovery rate can be above 98.5%,but there are problems such as poorconsistency of the obtained powder material,large amount use of acid and alkali,long technological process,andhigh production cost,and so on.In this paper,the technical status and problems of hydrometallurgical technologyfor the waste ternary lithium are introduced,based on which the concentration and enrichment technology of Li inthe process are analyzed,and the research progress of the selective lithium extraction technologies are overviewedincluding the advantages and disadvantages.Research on the selective leaching of lithium,and the development oflithium extraction technology are key common technologies and key research directions,which are of greatsignificance for improving resource utilization capacity.

关 键 词：废旧电池 三元锂 再生利用 湿法冶金 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TF803[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]