不同土地利用类型的地表土壤粒度和养分特征研究  

Study on surface soil grain size and nutrient characteristics under different land use types

作　　者：张圆圆 魏亚娟 侯红蕊 孙华山[3] 王其春 黄巧巧 张乔淞 占玄 ZHANG Yuanyuan;WEI Yajuan;HOU Hongrui;SUN Huashan;WANG Qichun;HUANG Qiaoqiao;ZHANG Qiaosong;ZHAN Xuan(Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Pujiang County,Pujiang 322200,Zhejiang,China;Department of Resource and Environment,Baotou Teachers’College,Baotou 014030,Inner Mongolia,China;School of Earth Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China;Geological Prospecting Institute of China Chemical Geology and Mine Bureau,Hangzhou 310000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浦江县农业技术推广中心,浙江浦江322200 [2]包头师范学院资源与环境学院,内蒙古包头014030 [3]中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院,湖北武汉430074 [4]中化地质矿山总局浙江地质勘查院,浙江杭州310000

出　　处：《云南大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期391-400,共10页Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(4196700);第三次全国土壤普查—浦江县第三次全国土壤普查调查采样及土壤普查土壤样品检测项目(WQ2023017-ZFCG005)。

摘　　要：为探究不同土地利用方式对地表土壤粒度组成和养分含量的影响,以内蒙古自治区武川县农牧交错带的4种土地利用方式(耕地、草地、林地和裸地)为研究对象,分析了表层土壤(0~2 cm)的机械组成和养分特征.研究结果表明,耕地、草地和林地的土壤粉粒、极细粒和细粒含量显著高于裸地,而砂粒、粗砂和极粗砂含量则明显低于裸地,土壤粒度整体趋于细化.其中,林地和草地的分选性较好,耕地和裸地的分选性较差,差异均达到统计学显著水平(P<0.05).在养分方面,耕地、草地和林地的表层土壤有机碳和全氮质量比显著增加.草地的全磷质量比明显增加,林地和耕地的全磷变化不显著.全钾质量比方面,草地显著低于裸地,而林地和耕地与裸地无显著差异(P<0.05).综合分析表明,表层土壤质量依次表现为草地最好,其次是林地,再次是耕地,裸地最差.这说明,将裸地转变为其他土地利用类型能够有效改善土壤质量,人为耕作活动和植被作用对提升农牧交错带表层土壤质量具有重要意义.To investigate the effects of different land use types on surface soil texture and nutrient content,thisstudy focused on four land use types(cropland,grassland,forestland,and bare land)in the agro-pastoral ecotone ofWuchuan County,Inner Mongolia,China.The mechanical composition and nutrient characteristics of the topsoil(0–2 cm)were analyzed.The results showed that the contents of silt,very fine particles,and fine particles incropland,grassland,and forestland were significantly higher than those in bare land,while the contents of sand,coarse sand,and very coarse sand were markedly lower,indicating a general trend toward finer soil texture.Among the land types,forestland and grassland exhibited better sorting,whereas cropland and bare land had poorersorting,with significant differences observed(P<0.05).In terms of nutrients,the organic carbon and total nitrogencontents in the surface soil of cropland,grassland,and forestland were significantly higher.Grassland showed asignificant increase in total phosphorus content,while no significant changes were observed in forestland orcropland.For total potassium,grassland had significantly lower levels compared to bare land,while forestland andcropland showed no significant differences from bare land(P<0.05).Overall,the surface soil quality was ranked asfollows:Grassland>forestland>cropland>bare land.These findings suggest that converting bare land to otherland use types can effectively improve soil quality.Human agricultural activities and vegetation play a crucial rolein enhancing surface soil quality in the agro-pastoral ecotone.

关 键 词：土地利用方式 粒度特征 土壤养分 主成分分析 农牧交错带 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学] S152.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]