基于现场调查的2025西藏定日M_(S)6.8地震房屋震害与人员伤亡分析  

ANALYSIS OF BUILDING DAMAGE AND CASUALTIES OF THE 2025 DINGRI M_(S)6.8 EARTHQUAKE IN XIZANG BASED ON FIELD INVESTIGATION

作　　者：魏本勇[1] 张钰曼 石峰[1] 乔俊香 王鑫 张达 WEI Ben-yong;ZHANG Yu-man;SHI Feng;QIAO Jun-xiang;WANG Xin;ZHANG Da(State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics and Forecasting,Institute of Geology,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing 100029,China;Xizang Autonomous Region Earthquake Agency,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]地震动力学与强震预测全国重点实验室(中国地震局地质研究所),北京100029 [2]西藏自治区地震局,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《地震地质》2025年第1期64-79,共16页Seismology and Geology

基　　金：中国地震局地质研究所基本科研业务专项(IGCEA2502);西藏自治区科技计划项目(XZ202402ZD0001,XZ202402ZY0008)共同资助。

摘　　要：2025年1月7日9时5分,西藏南部日喀则市定日县发生6.8级地震。此次地震已造成126人遇难,188人受伤,大量房屋倒塌。根据现场调查,土木结构房屋是此次地震中受影响最大,破坏最严重的房屋类型。地震遇难者集中分布于震中附近的定日县长所乡、措果乡和曲洛乡,其中长所乡受灾最为严重,遇难人数占总遇难人数的74.60%。地震破坏力强、村落临近发震断层、房屋建筑抗震性能低、高人员在室率及低温缺氧等是造成此次地震人员伤亡高的主要原因。基于人员伤亡原因分析和现场调查,文中从加强活动断层探测、提升地震预警能力、降低传统民居震害风险、夯实应急保障措施、防范地震次生灾害风险及加强风险意识宣传教育等6个方面,提出了针对性地降低西藏地区震害风险、减少人员伤亡的对策建议,以期为当地防震减灾能力提升和灾后恢复重建提供参考。On January 7, 2025, at 9:05 AM, a magnitude 6.8 earthquake struck Dingri County, Shigatse City, located in the southern part of the Xizang Autonomous Region(28.50° -N, 87.45° -E), with a focal depth of 10 kilometers. By 7:00 PM on January 9, the earthquake had resulted in 126 fatalities and 188 injuries. A total of 27, 248 buildings were damaged, including 3, 612 collapsed structures. Timely understanding and analysis of the earthquake's damage characteristics and the causes of casualties can provide valuable references for subsequent disaster loss assessments and recovery planning.Based on field investigations, this study provides a comprehensive overview of the earthquake damage, covering four main aspects: seismic characteristics and affected areas, seismogenic fault and aftershock distribution, building damage and influencing factors, and the distribution and causes of casualties. The study also analyzes in detail the reasons for the severe casualties in this earthquake.The epicenter of the Dingri earthquake is located within the Lhasa block of the Tibetan Plateau. The earthquake was triggered by the Dengmecuo fault, a normal fault characterized by crustal extension due to fault slip. The maximum intensity of this earthquake reached IX degree, and the major axis of the isoseismal line runs nearly north-south, with a length of 191 kilometers and a short axis of 152 kilometers. The area affected by intensity VI or higher is approximately 23 - -986 square kilometers, covering six counties and 45 towns(or streets)in Shigatse City, Xizang Autonomous Region. The earthquake caused a surface rupture of approximately 26 kilometers, with a maximum vertical displacement of about 3 meters.Field investigations revealed that the building structures in Dingri County mainly consist of frame, masonry, and traditional civil structures. Among these, traditional civil structures sustained the most severe damage. In extremely and severely affected areas, the majority of civil-structure buildings were either destroyed or severel

关 键 词：定日M_(S)6.8地震 震害分析 人员伤亡 西藏 

分 类 号：P315.9[天文地球—地震学]