碎冰环境下运动体入水空泡演化特性试验研究  

Experimental study on the evolution characteristics of water cavitating of a moving body in crushed ice environment

作　　者：鹿麟[1,2] 杨鹏杰 刘澜洋 邹瑞 陈凯敏 胡彦晓 LU Lin;YANG Pengjie;LIU Lanyang;ZOU Rui;CHEN Kaimin;HU Yanxiao(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;Chongqing Chang’an Wangjiang Industry,Chongqing 401120,China;Chongqing Changjiang Electric Industry Group Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 400060,China;Inner Mongolia Aerospace Power Machinery Test Istituten,Hohhot 010076,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学机电工程学院,太原030051 [2]重庆长安望江工业(集团)有限责任公司,重庆401120 [3]重庆长江电工工业集团有限公司,重庆400060 [4]内蒙航天动力机械测试所,呼和浩特010076

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2025年第6期137-143,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2024-114);国家自然科学基金(52201385)。

摘　　要：为研究随机冰场对运动体入水过程的影响,引入随机冰场结合高速摄影技术,开展了碎冰环境下的运动体垂直入水试验。对比分析了无冰环境与碎冰环境下的运动体入水过程中的差异,入水过程分为入水冲击阶段和带空泡运动阶段两个阶段进行研究,得到了碎冰环境下运动体入水的空泡演化特性;通过对比不同碎冰密度下运动体入水的空泡演化过程,总结得出了碎冰密度对于运动体空泡演化特性以及入水运动特性的影响规律。研究结果表明:在入水冲击阶段,与无冰环境相比,碎冰环境下同一深度处空泡直径较大并且空泡扩张持续的时间更长;在带空泡运动阶段,碎冰阻碍了空泡收缩,空泡收缩时间延长;相比于无冰环境,空泡直径与空泡长度均较大,产生的溃灭尾迹更加严重;随着碎冰密度的增加,空泡的闭合长度和最大直径呈现出明显的增长趋势,空泡表面闭合的时间也相应推迟,运动体速度衰减的幅度更大。To investigate the effects of the random ice field on the water-entry process of a moving body,a series of experiments on the vertical water entry of the moving body in a crushed ice environment were conducted,integrating the use of the random ice field and high-speed photography technology.The water entry process of the vertical moving body was analyzed in both ice-free and crushed ice environments,showing that the water-entry process can be divided into two stages:water-entry impact stage and movement with cavity stage.Additionally,a series of water-entry experiments were conducted in different crushed ice density environment,the influence of crushed ice density on the evolution of vertical moving body water cavitation was summarized.The results show that during the water-entry impact stage,compared with the ice-free environment,the cavity diameter is larger and the cavity expansion duration is longer at the same depth in the crushed ice environment.During the movement with cavity stage,crushed ice restricts the cavity from contracting.Compared with the ice-free environment,the cavity diameter and length are larger,and the collapse wake is more serious.With the increase of ice density,the closing length and maximum diameter of the cavity increase obviously,the closing time of the surface is delayed,and the velocity attenuation of the moving body is increased.

关 键 词：运动体 垂直入水 碎冰环境 空泡演化 入水试验 

分 类 号：TJ012.3[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术]