我国移民管理机构智能化行政执法研究  

Research on Intelligent Administrative Law Enforcement by China's Immigration Administration Agencies

作　　者：唐勇 徐丹彤 Tang Yong;Xu Dantong(Zhuhai Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection Station,Zhuhai 519000,China;China People's Police University,Langfang 065000,China)

机构地区：[1]珠海出入境边防检查总站,广东珠海519000 [2]中国人民警察大学,河北廊坊065000

出　　处：《贵州警察学院学报》2025年第2期32-39,共8页Journal of Guizhou Police College

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学规划青年项目“粤港澳大湾区国际人才移民政策研究”(GD22YSH03)。

摘　　要：人工智能技术的飞速发展催生了移民管理领域智能化行政执法。移民管理机构智能化行政执法场景多样,既有智能化出入境行政检查、行政强制场景,又有智能化移民管理许可、确认、处罚场景。智能化行政执法在助力移民管理机构实现行政执法高效益、低成本目标的同时,也带来了歧视性执法、相对人信息权益被侵害以及人工智能系统独立执法等潜在风险。未来,移民管理机构可从构建智能化行政执法的算法影响评估审查制度、保障智能化行政执法网络和信息安全、建立智能化行政执法偏离纠正机制等方面入手,规避智能化行政执法带来的风险,实现智能化行政执法效益最大化。The swift advancement of artificial intelligence technology has given rise to the intelligent administrative law enforcement in the field of immigration administration.Immigration administration agencies have carried out AI-aided administrative law enforcement in many circumstances,including intelligent entry/exit administrative inspections,administrative coercion,as well as intelligent processing of immigration permits,confirmations,and penalties.Although intelligent administrative law enforcement has assisted immigration administration agencies in achieving high-efficiency and low-cost objectives in their law enforcement activities,it concurrently brings about potential risks such as discriminatory law-enforcement practices,infringement on the informational rights and interests of administrative counterparts,and independent law enforcement by AI systems.In the future,immigration administration agencies should endeavor to prevent these risks and to maximize the advantages of intelligent administrative law enforcement by establishing algorithmic impact evaluation and review systems for intelligent administrative law enforcement,ensuring cybersecurity and information protection during law enforcement procedures,and developing corrective mechanisms to address deviations in intelligent administrative law enforcement.

关 键 词：行政执法 人工智能 移民管理机构 

分 类 号：D922.14[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D631.14[政治法律—法学]