镉胁迫对3种鼠尾草属植物种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of cadmium stress on seed germination and seedling growth of three species of Salvia

作　　者：张涛 辛建攀 黄艳波[2] 肖汉文 卫晨昱 田如男[1] ZHANG Tao;XIN Jianpan;HUANG Yanbo;XIAO Hanwen;WEI Chenyu;TIAN Runan(College of Landscape Architecture,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,Jiangsu,China;Shanghai Cinnabar Botanical Garden,Shanghai 201602,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学风景园林学院,江苏南京210037 [2]上海辰山植物园,上海201602

出　　处：《草业科学》2025年第3期651-660,共10页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：上海市绿化和市容局辰山专项(G222402);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(KYCX23_1257)。

摘　　要：为探讨鼠尾草属(Salvia)植物对土壤中镉(Cd)的修复潜力,以3种鼠尾草属植物为试验材料,比较不同质量浓度Cd^(2+)单一胁迫对甘西鼠尾草(S.przewalskii)、佛光草(S.substolonifera)、荔枝草(S.plebeia)种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响,并采用主成分分析和隶属函数分析法对3种鼠尾草属植物种子耐重金属Cd胁迫能力进行综合评价。研究结果表明,在5~20 mg·L^(−1) Cd^(2+)胁迫下,甘西鼠尾草各项萌发指标与无胁迫对照组相比差异不显著(P>0.05),在50 mg·L^(−1) Cd^(2+)胁迫下仅发芽率受到显著抑制(P<0.05),但依然高达63.33%。在5~20 mg·L^(−1) Cd^(2+)胁迫下,佛光草加快了萌发进程,发芽势显著提高;当Cd^(2+)浓度达到50 mg·L^(−1)时,佛光草种子刚萌发便丧失活力。在5 mg·L^(−1) Cd^(2+)胁迫下,荔枝草发芽率达到98.33%;在10 mg·L^(−1) Cd^(2+)胁迫下,荔枝草发芽率受到显著抑制,下降至65.00%;当Cd^(2+)浓度达到20 mg·L^(−1)时,荔枝草种子未萌发。主成分分析和隶属函数分析表明,3种鼠尾草属植物种子对Cd的耐受性强弱表现为甘西鼠尾草>佛光草>荔枝草。甘西鼠尾草Cd耐性较强,具有作为Cd污染严重地区土壤修复植物的潜力;荔枝草和佛光草Cd耐性较弱,但生长速度快,地区适应性好,可应用在Cd污染较低的地区。To investigate the remediation potential of Salvia for cadmium(Cd)in soil,three species of Salvia were used as experimental materials to compare the effects of different mass concentrations of Cd^(2+)on seed germination and seedling growth of S.przewalskii,S.substolonifera,and S.plebeia.Additionally,membership function and principal component analyses were employed to comprehensively evaluate the tolerance of these Salvia species to the heavy metal Cd.The results demonstrated that,under 5~20 mg·L^(−1) Cd^(2+)stress,the germination indexes of S.przewalskii and the control group did not significantly differ(P>0.05).However,under 50 mg·L^(−1) Cd^(2+)stress,the germination percentage of S.przewalskii significantly decreased to 63.33%.The germination process of S.substolonifera was expedited,and its germination potential significantly increased under 5~20 mg·L^(−1) Cd^(2+)stress;After the soil Cd^(2+)concentration was increased to 50 mg·L^(−1),S.substolonifera seeds merely germinated and lost viability.The germination percentage of S.plebeia was 98.33%under 5 mg·L^(−1) Cd^(2+)stress;it was considerably inhibited and decreased to 65.0%under 10 mg·L^(−1) Cd^(2+)stress and it did not germinate at all when the Cd^(2+)concentration reached 20 mg·L^(−1).The order in which the three Salvia species tolerated Cd was S.przewalskii>S.substolonifera>S.plebeia,according to the principal component and membership function analyses.In conclusion,S.przewalskii can be used as a soil remediation plant in areas with heightened levels of Cd contamination due to its better Cd tolerance.

关 键 词：镉 鼠尾草属 种子萌发 幼苗生长 主成分分析 隶属函数 综合评价 

分 类 号：S68[农业科学—观赏园艺]