植物生长调节剂对牛至种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of different plant growth regulators on seed germination and seedling growth of Origanum vulgare

作　　者：高起 马良 闫钰 杨帆 张永康 夏至[1] 李贺敏[1] 周艳[1] GAO Qi;MA Liang;YAN Yu;YANG Fan;ZHANG Yongkang;XIA Zhi;LI Hemin;ZHOU Yan(College of Agronomy,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《草业科学》2025年第3期679-686,共8页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：2023年度河南省重点研发专项(231111110900);河南省土壤污染防治专项(30802583)。

摘　　要：为筛选出促进牛至(Origanum vulgare)种子萌发和幼苗生长的最佳植物生长调节剂及其处理浓度,采用培养皿发芽法,研究不同浓度赤霉素(100、200、300、400、500 mg·L^(-1))、6-BA(20、40、60、80、100 mg·L^(-1))和萘乙酸(30、60、90、120、150 mg·L^(-1))浸种24 h对牛至种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,100~400 mg·L^(-1)的GA3、20 mg·L^(-1)的6-BA、30~120 mg·L^(-1)的NAA均能显著提高牛至种子的发芽能力(P<0.05),其中300 mg·L^(-1)的GA3浸种效果最好,发芽率从52.00%提高到90.67%,发芽势从42.00%提高到72.00%,发芽指数从9.60提高到14.97,活力指数从188.34提高到360.40。100 mg·L^(-1)的6-BA浸种则会抑制牛至种子的萌发。3种植物生长调节剂对牛至幼苗生长影响不同,其中300 mg·L^(-1)的GA3浸种有利于幼苗生物量的累积,20 mg·L^(-1)的6-BA浸种有利于牛至胚根的伸长生长,60 mg·L^(-1)的NAA浸种对牛至幼苗胚轴的伸长生长则有显著的促进作用。理化分析发现,3种植物生长调节剂不同浓度下牛至幼苗可溶性蛋白和抗氧化酶活性呈现出先升高后下降的趋势。综上所述,300 mg·L^(-1)的GA3、20 mg·L^(-1)的6-BA、60 mg·L^(-1)的NAA是牛至种子萌发的植物生长调节剂的最适浓度,可有效提高牛至种子的萌发和幼苗的生长。This study aimed to screen suitable plant growth regulators and their optimal concentration to promote the seed germination and seedling growth of Origanum vulgare.The effects of different concentrations of GA3(100,200,300,400,500 mg·L^(-1)),6-BA(20,40,60,80,100 mg·L^(-1))and NAA(30,60,90,120,150 mg·L^(-1))on seed germination and seedling growth of O.vulgare were studied by Petri dish germination method.The results show that GA3 at concentrations of 100~400 mg·L^(-1),6-BA at 20 mg·L^(-1),and NAA at 30~120 mg·L^(-1) can significantly improve germination capacity(P<0.05).Among them,soaking with 300 mg·L^(-1) of GA3 had the best effect;the germination rate increased from 52.00%to 90.67%,the germination potential increased from 42.00%to 72.00%,the germination index increased from 9.60 to 14.97,and the vigor index increased from 188.34 to 360.40.However,soaking seeds with 100 mg·L^(-1)6-BA could inhibit the germination of O.vulgare.Three kinds of plant growth regulators had different effects on the growth of O.vulgare.Soaking seeds with GA3 of 300 mg·L^(-1) was beneficial to the accumulation of seedling biomass,while soaking with 20 mg·L^(-1)6-BA was beneficial to the elongation of the radicle of O.vulgare;soaking seeds with 60 mg·L^(-1) NAA significantly promoted the elongation of the hypocotyl of O.vulgare.Physicochemical analysis found that the effects of three plant growth regulators at different concentrations on soluble protein and antioxidant enzymatic activities of O.vulgare show a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.In conclusion,soaking with 300 mg·L^(-1) GA3,20 mg·L^(-1)6-BA,and 60 mg·L^(-1) NAA were the optimum concentrations for seed germination of O.vulgare which could effectively improve seed germination and seedling growth.

关 键 词：牛至 浸种处理 种子萌发 幼苗生长 生理指标 

分 类 号：R28[医药卫生—中药学]