宁夏枸杞果实品质及微域气候对行间生草种类的响应  

Responses of Lycium barbarum fruit quality and microclimate to interplanting with different species of cover grass in Ningxia,China

作　　者：赵燕[1] 葛玉萍[2] 李磊 ZHAO Yan;GE Yuping;LI Lei(Ningxia Polytechnic/Ningxia Open University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;Ningxia Stock Seed Farm,Yinchuan 750200,Ningxia,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏职业技术学院/宁夏开放大学,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏回族自治区原种场,宁夏银川750200 [3]宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《草业科学》2025年第3期698-708,共11页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：宁夏高等学校科学研究项目(NYG2022172);宁夏回族自治区农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范项目(NGSB-2021-11-07)。

摘　　要：为探究行间生草种类对园区微域气候及枸杞(Lyciumbarbarum)果实品质的影响,本文以清耕为对照,开展枸杞行间自然生草、人工种植黑麦草(Loliumperenne)及人工种植红三叶(Trifoliumpratense)3种不同生草种类田间比较试验,分析不同处理下土壤水、热、气环境因子及枸杞品质形成的变化特征。结果表明:与清耕处理相比,人工种植黑麦草处理可增加冠层空气相对湿度,同时,该处理相比自然生草处理可提高枸杞花期0-20 cm土层含水量12.75%。另外,人工种植黑麦草处理下0-10cm土层内日均温度相比清耕处理降幅最大,为0.86℃;CO_(2)平均排放速率在人工种植黑麦草及人工种植红三叶处理下显著降低(P<0.05),分别比清耕处理降低了19.61%、19.12%。枸杞品质分析得出,相比清耕处理,人工种植黑麦草可增加夏果多糖31.31%,而人工种植红三叶可分别增加夏、秋果实总糖6.91%、9.26%。此外,人工种植黑麦草与人工种植红三叶处理均能增加夏、秋果实维生素C含量,且显著提高秋果实甜菜碱含量。冗余分析认为,冠层相对湿度是影响夏果、秋果枸杞品质形成的最大环境因子,其次为CO_(2)排放速率。因此,行间种植牧草可作为宁夏枸杞园管理模式之一,且以人工种植黑麦草效果最佳。To investigate the impact of different species of cover grass on the quality of Lycium barbarum fruit(wolfberry)and the orchard microclimate,we conducted field comparison test with clean tillage as the control.Three grass species were used:natural grass,artificially planted Lolium perenne,and artificially planted Trifolium pratense.The study analyzed changes in soil water content,temperature,CO_(2),and the quality of L.barbarum fruit.The results showed that compared to the clean tillage treatment,the artificially planted L.perenne treatment increased the relative humidity of the canopy air.It also increased the soil water content in the 0-20 cm soil layer by 12.75%during the flowering period,compared to the natural grass treatment.Additionally,the greatest decrease in daily average temperature in the 0-10 cm soil layer was obtained under the artificially planted L.perenne treatment,with a decrease of 0.86℃.The average CO_(2) emission rate also decreased significantly under the artificially planted L.perenne and T.pratense treatments(P<0.05),with decreases of 19.61%and 19.12%respectively relative to the clean tillage treatment.An analysis of the quality of L.barbarum fruit showed that the artificially planted L.perenne treatment increased the polysaccharide content of summer fruit by 31.31%,while the artificially planted T.pratense treatment increased the total sugar content of summer and autumn fruit by 6.91%and 9.26%respectively.Furthermore,the artificially planted L.perenne and T.pratense treatments increased the vitamin C content of summer and autumn fruits and significantly increased the betaine content of autumn fruits.Redundancy analysis(RDA)revealed the relative humidity of the canopy had the greatest impact on the formation quality of summer and autumn fruits,followed by the rate of CO_(2) emission.Hence,interplanting cover grass,particularly artificial planting of L.perenne,could be employed as an effective management strategy for Ningxia L.barbarum orchards.

关 键 词：枸杞 自然生草 黑麦草 红三叶 冠层相对湿度 CO2排放速率 果实品质 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]