基于GC-MS/MS的白沙蒿种子脂肪酸分析检测方法  

Fatty acid analysis and detection method of Artemisia sphaerocephala seeds based on GC-MS/MS

作　　者：李怡彤 胡春霞[1] 陈希婷 祁兆奔 谢菲 刘权[1,2] LI Yitong;HU Chunxia;CHEN Xiting;QI Zhaoben;XIE Fei;LIU Quan(State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;College of Pastoral Grassland Agricultural Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;Alxa League Forestry Grassland and Seedling Workstation,Alxa 750300,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室分析测试中心,甘肃兰州730000 [2]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730000 [3]阿拉善盟林业草原和种苗工作站,内蒙古阿拉善750300

出　　处：《草业科学》2025年第3期786-794,共9页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：甘肃省技术创新引导计划−科技特派员(团)项目(24CXNA056);阿拉善盟应用技术研究与开发资金计划项目(AMYY2022-19);兰州大学大型仪器设备开放共享专项经费项目(LZU-GXJJ-2023-003、LZU-GXJJ-2023-011);甘肃省生态文明建设重点研发项目(24YFFJ001)。

摘　　要：脂肪酸是细胞的营养和能源物质,在植物生长发育和生殖繁衍等过程均有重要的生理功能。白沙蒿(Artemisia sphaerocephala)是流动或半流动沙丘上的先锋固沙植物,种子含油量高。气相色谱−三重四极杆质谱法(GCMS/MS)利用子离子和母离子相结合的多反应检测(MRM)进行比对,较气相色谱质谱法(GC-MS)定性更为准确,定量精度更高,被广泛应用于农产品等的微量农药残留检测中,然而在种子脂肪酸中的检测应用研究还较少。本研究以白沙蒿种子为例,建立基于GC-MS/MS的6种脂肪酸(棕榈酸、棕榈油酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、山俞酸)化合物的精准定性和定量分析方法。该方法精确度和回收率分别为0.60%~3.22%和91.84%~100.14%,精密度和回收率良好,具有更精确的定性定量功能,可以作为植物种子中的脂肪酸分析检测方法。利用此方法对常见油料作物油菜(Brassica napus)籽进行检测,结果发现白沙蒿种子与油菜籽含油量相当,且不饱和程度更高,多不饱和脂肪酸含量是油菜籽的1.76倍。本研究结果将为植物脂类代谢的深入研究提供新的检测方法,为植物资源进一步开发利用提供科学依据,为荒漠生态治理和经济发展提供新思路。Fatty acids act as nutrients and energy substances for cells and have important physiological functions in plant growth,development,and reproduction.The seeds of Artemisia sphaerocephala,a pioneer sand-fixing plant on mobile or semi-mobile sand dunes,have high oil content.Gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry(GC-MS/MS)utilizes multi-reaction detection,combining daughter and parent ions for comparison,which is more accurate in characterization and more precise in quantification than gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)and has been widely used in the detection of trace pesticide residues in agricultural products.However,there are few studies on the application of the detection of fatty acids in seeds.In this study,we used the seeds of A.sphaerocephala to establish a precise qualitative and quantitative analytical method based on GC-MS/MS for six fatty acid compounds:palmitic acid,palmitoleic acid,stearic acid,oleic acid,linoleic acid,and behenic acid.The accuracy and recovery of the method ranged from 0.60%to 3.22%and 91.84%to 100.14%,respectively.The method has good precision and recovery,with more accurate qualitative and quantitative functions,and can be used as an analytical method for the detection of fatty acids in plant seeds.In comparison to the results using rapeseed(Brassica napus),the results using A.sphaerocephala seeds were comparable;however,the degree of unsaturation was higher,with the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids being 1.76 times higher than that of rapeseed.The results of this paper will provide new assays for the in-depth study of lipid metabolism in plants,a scientific basis for the further development and utilization of plant resources,and a new perspective for desert ecological management and economic development.

关 键 词：白沙蒿种子 脂肪酸 定量检测 气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法 

分 类 号：TS2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]