从夏家店下层文化经济生活看农耕与草原文明互动的初兴  

The Beginning of Interaction between Farming and Grassland Civilization from the Perspective of Lower-Xiajiadian Culture's Economic Life

作　　者：李舒涵 LI Shuhan(Minzu Studies College,Xizang Minzu University,Xianyang 712082)

机构地区：[1]西藏民族大学民族研究院,陕西咸阳712082

出　　处：《中国农史》2025年第1期53-63,共11页Agricultural History of China

基　　金：西藏自治区哲学社会科学专项资金“GIS支持下的西藏高原新石器时代聚落研究”(23YBA33)。

摘　　要：“4.2ka气候突变事件”之后,中国北方长城地带诸考古学文化进入空前繁荣与兴旺阶段。本研究以个案的方式,从夏家店下层文化出发,探讨了中国北方长城地带草原文明与农耕文明之间的互动情况。随着经济模式的转变,夏家店下层文化在公元前2000~前1750年间出现了由粮食生产、猪和狗的饲养、牛和羊的饲养三种主要模式所构成的农牧混合经济。并且,其背后所包含的其实是不同的社会分工、技术与文化背景人群的参与。另一方面,通过对矿料资源的掌控,夏家店下层文化与周边文化之间建立起了跨地区的贸易交换系统。随着欧亚草原开始出现专门化的畜牧业生产,夏家店下层文化凭借其资源与地理优势,成为公元前两千纪中期长城地带东部区草原文明与农耕文明之间贸易、交换、沟通、交流的主要中介。After the 4.2ka event,the archeological cultures in the Great Wall area of northern China entered an unprecedented flourishing stage.In this study,the interaction between grassland civilization and farming civilization in the Great Wall region of northern China is discussed from the perspective of Lower-Xiajiadian Culture.With the transformation of the economic patterns in western Liao-river,the mixed economy of farming and animal husbandry,which consisted of grain production,raising pigs and dogs,and raising cattle and sheep around 4.0 ka B.P.to 3.75 ka B.P.Behind the three types of economic patterns,there is a different social division of labor and people with various technical and cultural backgrounds.Through the control of mineral resources,a cross-regional trade exchange system was established between the Lower-Xiajiadian Culture and the surrounding cultures.With the emergence of specialization in animal husbandry in grassland the Lower-Xiajiadian Culture rely on its resources and geographical advantages,it became the main intermediary of trade,exchange,communication,and interchange between grassland and farming civilization in the eastern part of the Great Wall area during the middle of the second millennium BC.

关 键 词：夏家店下层文化 生业经济 贸易与交换 草原文明 农耕文明 

分 类 号：S-09[农业科学] K207[历史地理—历史学]