文化景观视阈下的民族村寨景观风貌评价研究——以南岗瑶寨为例  

Research on the Evaluation of Landscape Character of Ethnic Villages from the Perspective of Cultural Landscape:A Case Study of Nangang Yao Village

作　　者：梅骏翔 陈秋洁 汤烨 孙雅沄 MEI Junxiang;CHEN Qiujie;TANG Ye;SUN Yayun

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学旅游与风景园林学院,桂林541006

出　　处：《广东园林》2024年第6期18-23,共6页Guangdong Landscape Architecture

摘　　要：景观风貌是推进民族村寨建设、传承优秀民族文化的着力点。针对当前民族村寨景观风貌保护与发展实践中存在的评价维度单一和缺乏量化指标等问题,从物质文化景观和非物质文化景观相结合的综合视角出发,构建民族村寨景观风貌评价体系。通过层次分析法,确定了评价指标权重,并以南岗瑶寨为例,进行景观风貌的模糊综合评价。结果显示,目前南岗瑶寨的整体景观风貌处于“一般”水平;民居建筑和精神信仰是最为重要的景观风貌要素;乡土建筑民族原真性和民族语言文字普及度是景观风貌提升的关键指标。未来应通过“修旧如旧”的建筑风貌整治、创造本地就业机会吸引原住瑶民回迁等方式,实现物质文化景观风貌和非物质文化景观风貌的全面复兴。Landscape characters is a critical focus for advancing the development of ethnic villages and preserving outstanding ethnic cultures.To address the limited evaluation dimensions and the lack of quantitative indicators in the current protection and development practices of ethnic village landscape characters,this study constructs an evaluation system for ethnic village landscape character from a holistic perspective that integrates material and immaterial cultural landscapes.Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP),the weights of the evaluation indicators are determined,and a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the landscape characters is conducted,with Nangang Yao Village serving as a case study.The results indicate that the overall landscape characters of Nangang Yao Village are currently at a'moderate'level;residential architecture and spiritual beliefs are the most significant landscape character elements;and the authenticity of vernacular architectural ethnicity and the prevalence of ethnic languages and scripts are key indicators for enhancing the landscape character.Moving forward,comprehensive revitalization of both material and nonmaterial cultural landscape character should be achieved through architectural restoration that adheres to the principle of'restoring the old as it was'and by creating local employment opportunities to attract the return of indigenous Yao residents.

关 键 词：少数民族特色村寨 景观风貌 文化景观 南岗瑶寨 层次分析法 模糊综合评价 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] F592.7[经济管理—旅游管理]