坚硬顶板工作面冲击地压致灾层位判识与压裂卸压技术  

Identification of Rock Burst Disaster-causing Layer Position on Hard Roof Working Face and Frac-turing and Pressure Relief Technology

作　　者：张金金 Zhang Jinjin(Huajin Coking Coal Co.,Ltd.,Lüliang 033000,China)

机构地区：[1]华晋焦煤有限责任公司,山西吕梁033000

出　　处：《山东煤炭科技》2025年第3期134-139,共6页Shandong Coal Science and Technology

摘　　要：针对工作面压裂技术施工中冲击地压致灾层位难以准确辨识的问题,以沙曲二号煤矿4306工作面为例,通过理论分析、数值模拟、现场检验等方法,提出上、中、下位关键层协同压裂技术。结果表明,根据三带发育高度和关键层理论判识主控致灾岩层,采用关键层协同压裂技术对工作面停采线附近上覆坚硬稳定顶板进行切顶卸压,有助于降低上位关键层厚硬顶板的承载性能,有效减小周期破断步距,减轻冲击灾害程度;在工作面顶板致灾层位布置定向长钻孔切断或改变超前支承压力及残余支承压力的传递路径,缓解采区大巷的压力。切顶后非连续蝶叶塑性区有一定的贯通,顶板垮落更加充分;采取矿压监测及效果检验方案以确保压裂效果,保障采区大巷正常服务与矿井安全高效生产。In view of the problem of difficulty in accurately identifying the rock burst disas-ter-causing layer position during the construction of working face fracturing technology,taking the 4306 working face of Shaqu No.2 Coal Mine as an example,this paper proposes a collaborative fracturing technology for upper,middle,and lower key layers through methods such as theoretical analysis,numerical simulation,on-site inspection and so on.The results show that according to the development height of the three zones and the theory of key layers,identifying the main controlling disaster-causing rock layers and using the key layer collaborative fracturing technology to conduct roof cutting and pressure relief on the overlying hard and stable roof near the stopping line of the working face can help reduce the bearing capacity of the thick and hard roof of the upper key layer,effectively reduce the periodic fracture step distance,and alleviate the degree of impact disasters;Directional long boreholes are arranged in the disaster-causing layer position of the working face roof to cut off or change the transmission path of advanced support pressure and residual support pressure,alleviate the pressure on the main roadway in the mining area.After cutting the roof,there is a certain degree of continuity in the discontinuous butterfly leaves plastic zone,and the collapse of the roof is more sufficient;Adopting a mine pressure monitoring and effect inspection scheme to ensure the fracturing effect,guarantee the normal service of the main roadway in the mining area and the safe and efficient production of the mine.

关 键 词：冲击地压 巨厚坚硬顶板 致灾层位 切顶卸压 

分 类 号：TD322[矿业工程—矿井建设]