三门峡水库汛期壅水排沙影响因素分析  

Analysis of influencing factors of backwater sediment discharge in flood season of Sanmenxia Reservoir

作　　者：裴柯雄 史红玲[1,2,3] 陈建国 王党伟[1,2] 沈铭晖[1,2] PEI Ke-xiong;SHI Hong-ling;CHEN Jian-guo;WANG Dang-wei;SHEN Ming-hui(State Key Laboratory of Watershed Water Cycle Simulation and Regulation,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100048,China;Key Laboratory of Sediment Science and Northern River Regulation,Ministry of Water Resources,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100048,China;International Sediment Research and Training Center,Beijing100048,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100048 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院水利部泥沙科学与北方河流治理重点实验室,北京100048 [3]国际泥沙研究培训中心,北京京100048

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2025年第1期61-67,共7页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U22A20237,U2243237)。

摘　　要：为了揭示壅水条件下水库排沙比的影响因素及其响应关系,统计三门峡水库2011—2021年汛期入库流量在3000 m^(3)/s以下且坝前水位相对稳定的壅水时期排沙比变化,发现将入库流量划分为500~1000 m^(3)/s、1000~1500 m^(3)/s、1500~2000 m^(3)/s和2000~3000 m^(3)/s四个流量级的水库排沙比与坝前水位具有较好的负相关关系,只有最小入库流量级的排沙比与入库含沙量存在一定相关性。结合隐含了坝前水位变化影响的滞留时间这一变量,提出了出入库流量系数与滞留时间比值的过流因子为影响排沙比的主要变量,建立了不同入库流量级的壅水排沙比与过流因子及入库含沙量的计算关系式,计算精度良好,可用于估算三门峡水库汛期壅水排沙比。In order to clarify the influencing factors and response relationship of sediment discharge ratio,the variation of sediment discharge ratio in the backwater period of Sanmenxia Reservoir from 2011 to 2021 has been analyzed when the inflow discharge is below 3000 m^(3)/s and the dam front water level is relatively stable.It is found that the sediment discharge ratio of the reservoir has a good negative correlation with the dam front water level when inflow rate is divided into four levels of 500~1000 m^(3)/s,1000~1500 m^(3)/s,1500~2000 m^(3)/s and 2000~3000 m^(3)/s.Only has the sediment discharge ratio in the minimum flow rate level has a cer-tain correlation with the inflow sediment concentration.Combined with the variable of residence time which im-plies the influence of water level change in front of the dam,it is proposed that the flow passing factor of the inflow and outflow discharge coefficient compared with the residence time is the main factor influencing the sediment discharge ratio.The calculation formula of the sediment discharge ratio in different inflow levels,the flow-passing factor and the inflow sediment concentration is established,which can be used to estimate the sed-iment discharge ratio during backwater period in the flood season of the Sanmenxia Reservoir.

关 键 词：三门峡水库 排沙比 不同流量级 坝前水位 过流因子 

分 类 号：TV145[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]