复杂潮流作用下跨海桥梁局部冲刷研究  

Study on local scour around sea-cross bridge piers under complex tidal flow

作　　者：肖龙 张芝永 夏晓亮 李最森 XIAO Long;ZHANG Zhi-yong;XIA Xiao-liang;LI Zui-sen(Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Bridge Development Limited Company,Ningbo 315300,China;Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics and Estuary(Zhejiang Institute of Marine Planning and Design),Hangzhou 310020,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市杭州湾大桥发展有限公司,浙江宁波315300 [2]浙江省水利河口研究院(浙江省海洋规划设计研究院),浙江杭州310020

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2025年第1期68-74,共7页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3008100);浙江省交通厅科技计划项目(2021064);浙江省水利河口研究院院长基金项目(ZIHE21Z007)。

摘　　要：往复潮流是河口跨海桥梁基础冲刷的主要动力因素。为深入了解复杂潮流作用下桥墩局部冲刷的特性,利用杭州湾大桥2008—2020年期间连续13年的桥墩局部冲刷观测资料,对潮流作用下的桥墩局部冲刷特性进行了分析。研究发现,相比恒定流,往复潮流作用下桥墩冲刷坑双向发展,冲刷坑形态更为对称。但受较大的涨潮流速影响,冲刷最深位置均发生于涨潮流侧。基于实测数据对国内外常用的4种计算公式进行了评价,发现在大流速条件下,各公式计算结果与实测值误差基本在30%以内,但对于小流速条件下,各公式普遍预测较大。综合强弱流速的冲刷深度差异,提出了适用于不同条件的往复潮流桥墩局部冲刷深度计算公式。Local scour around sea-crossing bridge foundations is mainly induced by complex tidal flow in estuary and coastal areas.In order to deeply understand the scour characteristics,the field scour data of Hangzhou Bay Sea-crossing Bridge from 2008 to 2020 were analyzed systematically.It is revealed that the shapes of scour holes are more symmetric at both sides of the piles in tidal direction compared with that under the steady flow.Howev-er,the positions of maximum scour depth often locate at the side of flood tide induced by larger flood tidal cur-rent.In addition,after comparing the scour depth predicted by the widely used four equations with the measure-ments,it is found that the error between the calculated scour depth of each formula and the field data is basically within 30%under strong tidal flow,while the formulas overestimate under small tidal flow.Finally,an improved scour depth equation is proposed which is can be applied in both strong and small tidal conditions.

关 键 词：复杂潮流 跨海桥梁 局部冲刷 预测公式 

分 类 号：TV92[水利工程—水利水电工程]