中学生情绪相关冲动与自杀意念及自杀行为的关系——基于潜在剖面模型和列线图分析  

The Relationship between Emotion-Related Impulsivity and Suicidal Ideation and Behavior among Middle School Students:A Latent Profile Model and Nomogram Analysis

作　　者：何珺 牛杨彤 薛朝霞[1] HE Jun;NIU Yangtong;XUE Zhaoxia(School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan,Shanxi,030001,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学人文社会科学学院,山西太原030001

出　　处：《广东第二师范学院学报》2025年第2期97-112,共16页Journal of Guangdong University of Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“大学生自杀意念向自杀行为转变的心理机制及干预研究”(18BSH128);山西省2024年度研究生实践创新项目“基于自然语言处理和深度学习技术的自杀风险识别与预测研究”(2024SJ214);2024年高等教育“百亿工程”科技引导专项(人文社科专项)“AI时代大学生心理危机精准预警研究”(BYSK002)。

摘　　要：采用自杀意念子量表、自杀行为量表、S-UPPS-P冲动行为量表对山西某中学2 538名学生进行问卷调查,通过Mplus 8.3和R 4.2.3软件分别构建潜在剖面模型和列线图模型,探讨中学生的冲动性潜类别分布特征以及不同冲动性潜类别的中学生在自杀行为及自杀意念上的差异。研究结果表明:中学生的冲动性潜类别可依据情绪相关冲动水平分为低冲动-弱情绪驱动型、一般冲动-均衡型和高冲动-强情绪驱动型;列线图显示,高冲动-强情绪驱动型、女性及独生子女的中学生更容易发生自杀行为。因此,学校应加强情绪管理课程,提升学生的情绪识别与自我控制能力;针对高冲动性个体、女性和独生子女等高风险群体开展定期心理普查,构建分层分类心理支持体系,以系统防范自杀风险。This study investigated the latent impulsivity profiles among middle school students and the differences in suicidal behavior and ideation across different impulsivity latent categories.A total of 2538 students from a middle school in Shanxi Province were surveyed using the Suicidal Ideation Subscale,Suicidal Behavior Scale,and the Short Version of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale.Latent profile models and nomogram models were constructed using Mplus 8.3 and R 4.2.3,respectively.The results indicated that the latent profiles of impulsivity among middle school students can be categorized into three types based on emotion-related impulsivity levels:low impulsivity-weak emotion-driven type,general impulsivity-balanced type,and high impulsivity-strong emotion-driven type.The nomogram model further reveals that students in the high impulsivity-strong emotion-driven type,female students and students who are only children are more likely to engage in suicidal behavior.In conclusion,emotion-related impulsivity is closely related to impulsivity levels in middle school students.Therefore,schools should enhance emotional management courses to improve studentsability to recognize emotions and strengthen self-control.For high-risk groups,such as individuals with high impulsivity,female students,and only children,regular psychological screenings should be conducted,and a hierarchical and categorized psychological support system should be established to systematically prevent suicide risk.

关 键 词：中学生 情绪相关冲动 自杀意念 自杀行为 潜在剖面模型 列线图 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学] G444[医药卫生—医学心理学] B844.2[医药卫生—基础医学]