清代军台效力制度的形成(1696—1741)  

Borderland Governance Chinese National Community The Formation of the Military Relay Station Service System in the Qing Dynasty(1696-1741)

作　　者：江晓成 Jiang Xiaocheng

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学社会历史学院,福州市350117

出　　处：《中国边疆史地研究》2025年第1期97-107,214,215,共13页China's Borderland History and Geography Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目“清代河政制度研究(1644—1855年)”(19YJC770016)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：清代的军台效力始于康熙朝中晚期,为筹集战时经费,令废员、捐纳人员、部院笔帖式等效力者出资维护军台运转,朝廷酬以官职。雍正时期,军台效力的主体为官府所派废员,最低效力时限三年。但废员长期留任乃至被严惩的现象较为普遍,获得议叙的概率较低,军台效力惩处之意甚明。沿至乾隆朝初期,军台效力成为专门针对官犯的刑罚,改变了此前奖惩并存的属性。The Military Relay Station Service(军台效力)system in the Qing Dynasty originated in the mid-to-late Emperor Kangxi's reign.To raise wartime funds,the court required dismissed officials,donors,and clerks(笔帖式)from government offices to finance the operation of military relay stations in exchange for official positions.During the Emperor Yongzheng's reign,the primary participants in this system were dismissed officials assigned by the government,with a minimum service term of three years.However,the prolonged service and even severe punishments were common,while the likelihood of receiving commendations(议叙)remained low,highlighting the punitive nature of the system.By the early Emperor Qianlong's reign,the Military Relay Station Service had evolved into a specific form of punishment exclusively for convicted officials,shifting away from its earlier dual function of both reward and penalty.

关 键 词：清代 军台效力 驿站 废员 官犯 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]