组合式云片景观树培育技术  

Combination Cloud Landscape Tree Cultivation Technology

作　　者：栗琼琼 王淑利 李洁茹 郭圆圆 闫璞 LI Qiongqiong;WANG Shuli;LI Jieru;GUO Yuanyuan;YAN Pu(Puyang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Puyang 457000,China;Yellow River Puyang Bureau Zhang zhuang Sluice Management Office,Puyang 457000,China)

机构地区：[1]濮阳市农林科学院,河南濮阳457000 [2]濮阳黄河河务局张庄闸管理处,河南濮阳457000

出　　处：《乡村科技》2025年第5期107-110,共4页Rural Science and Technology

基　　金：河南省林木种质资源专项资金资助项目(豫林计字[2020]56号);河南省科技兴林专项资金资助项目(YLK202217);濮阳市重大科技专项资助项目(210116)。

摘　　要：针对我国北方园林绿化中耐寒常绿阔叶、彩叶及观果造型树种匮乏的问题,研究介绍了以丝棉木为砧木,嫁接卫矛属常绿、彩叶、观果品种,开发了组合式云片景观树培育技术。通过地下式容器袋栽植、接穗优选与精准嫁接、分级造型修剪及水肥一体化管理,构建了以1个球形云片为核心、3个半球形云片环绕的树型结构,有效解决了北方砂质土壤冬季根系防冻与夏季保水的矛盾。该技术培育的景观树冠层四季常绿或彩叶斑斓,秋冬蒴果观赏性强,且培育周期较传统方法显著缩短。该技术通过优化卫矛属植物造型手法,丰富了北方园林绿化中景观造型树种类,为北方园林绿化提供了兼具耐寒性与美学价值的林木资源,同时推动了卫矛属植物从普通苗木向特色精品苗木的升级,对提升城乡景观生物多样性及艺术表现力具有重要的实践意义。In view of the lack of cold-resistant evergreen broad-leaved,color-leafed and fruitviewing tree species in landscaping in northern China,this paper introduces the cultivation technol⁃ogy of combined cloud landscape tree by grafting Euonymus evergreen,color-leafed and fruitviewing varieties of Euonymus with Euonymus maackii as rootstock.Through underground container bag planting,scion optimization and precise grafting,grading modeling pruning and integrated man⁃agement of water and fertilizer,a tree structure with one spherical cloud as the core and three hemi⁃spherical clouds surrounding it was constructed,which effectively solved the contradiction between winter root anti-freezing and summer water retention in northern sandy soil.The canopy of the land⁃scape tree cultivated by this method is evergreen or colorful in four seasons,and the autumn and win⁃ter capsules are highly ornamental,and the cultivation cycle is significantly shorter than that of the traditional method.By optimizing the modeling techniques of Euonymus plants,this technology en⁃riches the types of landscape modeling trees in northern landscaping,provides new germplasm re⁃sources with both cold resistance and aesthetic value for northern landscaping,and promotes the up⁃grading of Euonymus plants from ordinary seedlings to characteristic boutique varieties.It is of great practical significance to enhance the biodiversity and artistic expression of urban and rural landscapes.

关 键 词：卫矛属 景观树 培育技术 

分 类 号：S687[农业科学—观赏园艺]