酒庄SBBR污水处理系统真菌群落结构和功能  

Fungal Community Structure and Function in Winery SBBR Wastewater Treatment System

作　　者：孙西燕 郑兰香 SUN Xiyan;ZHENG Lanxiang(School of Ecology and Environment,Ningxia University Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学生态环境学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《现代农业研究》2025年第4期53-60,共8页Modern Agriculture Research

基　　金：国家重点研发项目“宁夏贺兰山东麓葡萄酒产业关键技术研究与示范”(项目编号:2019YFD1002500);宁夏自然科学基金“贺兰山东麓葡萄酒生产废水冬灌还田的生态效应研究”(项目编号:2023AAC03113);宁夏科技厅重点研发项目“宁夏酒庄葡萄酒清洁生产及废水废物管控(防控)研究”(项目编号:2019BBF02024)。

摘　　要：为探究酒庄污水处理系统中真菌的群落结构和功能特征,本文以银川市某酒庄SBBR污水处理系统为研究对象,利用宏基因组学测序技术,分析酒庄污水处理系统活性污泥和生物膜中真菌的菌群结构和功能特征。结果表明:SBBR污水处理系统中检出真菌10门34纲78目169科279属484种。优势真菌门为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)(34.07%~42.32%)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota)(22.82%~24.99%),优势真菌属为罗兹菌属(Rozella)(3.55%~5.69%)和微孢子虫(Mitosporidium)(3.48%~5.09%)。功能组成中与代谢相关的通路为丰度最高的通路(25.37%~38.58%),其中嘧啶代谢(Pyrimidine metabolism)(2.37%~7.44%)和嘌呤代谢(Purine metabolism)(1.77%~2.58%)为优势代谢通路,并且在活性污泥中具有比生物膜更高的功能丰度。曲霉属(Aspergillus)是构成活性污泥和生物膜组间以及功能差异的主要真菌;嘧啶代谢(Pyrimidine metabolism)是构成两者功能差异的主要代谢通路。物种与功能贡献度分析中,担子菌门(Basidiomycota)在参与双组分系统(Two-component system)功能中占据了最大贡献度,平均贡献度为80.9%。In order to explore the community structure and functional characteristics of fungi in the winery sewage treatment system,this paper takes the SBBR sewage treatment system of a winery in Yinchuan as the research object,and uses metagenomic sequencing technology to analyze the structure and functional characteristics of fungi in the activated sludge and biofilm of the winery sewage treatment system.The results showed that 484 species of fungi were detected in 10 phyla,34 classes,78 orders,169 families,279 genera and 10 phyla,34 classes,78 orders.The dominant fungal phyla were Ascomycota(34.07%~42.32%)and Basidiomycota(22.82%~24.99%),and the dominant fungal genera were Rozella(3.55%~5.69%)and Mitosporidia(3.48%~5.09%).The pathways related to metabolism were the most abundant pathways(25.37%~38.58%),among which pyrimidine metabolism(2.37%~7.44%)and purine metabolism(1.77%~2.58%)were the dominant metabolic pathways,and they had higher functional abundance in activated sludge.Aspergillus is the main fungus that constitutes the functional differences between activated sludge and biofilm groups.Pyrimidine metabolism is the main metabolic pathway that makes up the functional differences between the two groups.In the analysis of species and functional contributions,Basidiomycota accounted for the largest contribution in the function of the two-component system,with an average contribution of 80.9%.

关 键 词：酒庄废水 宏基因组学 真菌 群落结构 功能特征 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]