涡轮盘榫槽电火花线切割加工及其表面抛光研究  

Study on Wire EDM Machining and Surface Polishing of Turbine Disk Slots

作　　者：李显政 赵司评 杨晓冬[2] 段晓明 索景宇 LI Xianzheng;ZHAO Siping;YANG Xiaodong;DUAN Xiaoming;SUO Jingyu(AECC Harbin Dongan Engine Co.,Ltd.,Harbin 150066,China;School of Mechatronics Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航发哈尔滨东安发动机集团有限公司,黑龙江哈尔滨150066 [2]哈尔滨工业大学机电工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《电加工与模具》2025年第S1期19-22,共4页Electromachining & Mould

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52375419)。

摘　　要：单向走丝电火花线切割加工具有加工精度高、适合难加工材料和复杂形状加工等特点,非常适合于加工榫槽,但加工产生的重铸层会对榫槽的疲劳强度带来不利影响。电解等离子体抛光技术具有加工速度快、表面质量好及材料去除量小的优势,可用于电火花线切割加工榫槽的后续加工,能在去除重铸层的同时,避免降低其轮廓精度。因此,研究了单向走丝电火花线切割加工榫槽的轮廓精度和重铸层,并在优选的电解等离子体抛光参数(抛光电压325 V,抛光温度65℃,抛光时间8 min)条件下实现对榫槽的抛光,抛光后的表面粗糙度为Ra0.070μm、材料去除量为1.495 g,并且榫槽表面凹圆和凸圆部位的重铸层都得到有效去除。Unidirectional travelling wire electrical discharge machining(WEDM)has the characteristics of high machining accuracy,suitable for difficult to machine materials and complex shape machining,and is very suitable for machining the slots.However after processing,a recast layer will form on the surface,which will have an adverse effect on the fatigue strength of the slots.The electrolytic plasma polishing technology has the advantages of fast processing speed,good surface quality,and small material removal.Applying it to the subsequent processing of the slots machined by WEDM can avoid reducing its contour accuracy while removing the recast layer.Furthermore,under the optimized parameters of electrolytic plasma polishing(polishing voltage 325 V,polishing temperature 65℃,polishing time 8 min),the polishing of the slots was achieved.The surface roughness after polishing was Ra0.070μm,the material removal amount was 1.495 g,and the recast layer on the concave and convex parts of the slots surface was effectively removed.

关 键 词：榫槽 涡轮盘 单向走丝电火花线切割加工 电解等离子体抛光 重铸层 

分 类 号：TG661[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床] TG662