大咖揭秘系列科普——路面为什么会破损  

The Series of Popular Science of Experts Unraveling the Science Mystery——Why Pavements Damage

作　　者：朱兴一 王超[1,2] 黄世泽[1] 郝伟伟 黄斐[3] ZHU Xingyi;WANG Chao;HUANG Shize;HAO Weiwei;HUANG Fei

机构地区：[1]同济大学交通学院,上海201804 [2]同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室,上海200092 [3]上海市交通委员会,上海200051

出　　处：《上海公路》2025年第1期220-222,M0011,共4页Shanghai Highways

摘　　要：道路服役期间破损问题频发,严重威胁行车安全。现通过解答公众关心的道路破损相关问题,科普专业的交通知识,揭示道路破损的成因及应对措施。首先,分析了道路损坏的主要原因,包括水损害、超载运输、施工质量不均以及高温影响。其中,超载运输被认为是主要因素。在道路强度与稳定性提升策略方面,指出了设计中应综合考虑道路性能与经济性,而非单纯追求强度。此外,还介绍了现代抑尘技术,如自动喷淋系统、挡风抑尘墙、雾炮降尘及化学抑尘剂的应用。对于旧路改建,现有技术允许在原有路面上加铺沥青层,从而避免完全铲除旧路。最后,探讨了废弃材料的再利用技术,包括再生混凝土和再生沥青,强调了这些技术在资源节约与环境保护中的重要性。通过科普,旨在提高公众对道路破损的科学认知,激发其更多的对道路学科的兴趣与关注。Frequent road damage during service poses a serious threat to driving safety.This article addresses public concerns about road damage,provides professional traffic knowledge,and reveals the causes and countermeasures for road deterioration.It first analyzes the main causes of road damage,including water damage,overloading,uneven construction quality,and high temperatures,with overloading identified as a primary factor.In terms of strategies for enhancing road strength and stability,the article emphasizes the need to balance road performance and cost-effectiveness in design,rather than solely focusing on strength.Additionally,the article introduces modern dust suppression technologies,such as automatic spraying systems,wind barriers,dust suppression cannon,and chemical dust suppressants.For road rehabilitation,current technologies allow for adding a new layer of asphalt over the existing road surface,avoiding the need to completely remove the old road.Finally,the article explores recycling technologies for waste materials,including recycled concrete and reclaimed asphalt,highlighting their importance in resource conservation and environmental protection.Through this educational approach,the article aims to enhance public scientific understanding of road damage and stimulate greater interest and attention in the field of road engineering.

关 键 词：道路破损 超载运输 抑尘技术 旧路改建 废弃材料再利用 

分 类 号：U41[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]