性信息素诱捕法和紫外光灯光诱捕法对我国西南区域番茄潜叶蛾的监测诱捕效率及成虫发生期分析  

Efficacy of sex pheromone and ultraviolet light trapping methods for monitoring of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta(Meyrick),and analysis of adult emergence period in southwestern China

作　　者：张桂芬[1] 张毅波[1] 冼晓青[1] 李萍[2] 刘万才[2] 曾娟[2] 刘慧[2] 黄聪 王玉生[1,3] 卞悦 李亚红 王田珍[5] 刘万学 万方浩[1] ZHANG Guifen;ZHANG Yibo;XIAN Xiaoqing;LI Ping;LIU Wancai;ZENG Juan;LIU Hui;HUANG Cong;WANG Yusheng;BIAN Yue;LI Yahong;WANG Tianzhen;LIU Wanxue;WAN Fanghao(Center for Management of Invasive Alien Species of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Invasive Alien Species Control of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;National Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center,Beijing 100125,China;College of Plant Protection,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410125,China;Yunnan Plant Protection and Quarantine Station,Kunming 650034,China;Yuxi Plant Protection and Quarantine Station,Yunnan Province,Yuxi 653100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害综合治理全国重点实验室,农业农村部外来入侵生物防控重点实验室,农业农村部外来入侵生物预防与控制研究中心,北京100193 [2]全国农业技术推广服务中心,北京100125 [3]湖南农业大学植物保护学院,长沙410125 [4]云南省植保植检站,昆明650034 [5]云南省玉溪市植保植检站,玉溪653100

出　　处：《植物保护》2025年第2期225-236,287,共13页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1400200,2017YFC1200600);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(caascx-2021-2025-IAS,caas-zdrw202203)。

摘　　要：为明确对番茄潜叶蛾Tuta absoluta的最佳监测方法,采用性信息素诱捕法和紫外光灯光诱捕法,在我国西南区域对番茄潜叶蛾进行田间系统监测研究,评价不同方法的监测效率,分析成虫发生期。结果显示,尽管紫外光灯光诱捕法对有益节肢动物(包括自然天敌和传粉昆虫)有一些不利影响,但诱捕率较低,仅占靶标害虫和有益节肢动物总诱捕量的0.53%,而且紫外光灯光诱捕法对4个茬口番茄田的番茄潜叶蛾成虫诱捕率更高,累计诱蛾量为2158.5~16966.4头/诱捕器,是性信息素诱捕法的1.47~3.73倍,逐日诱蛾量显著高于性信息素诱捕法(P<0.001),可采用该诱捕法对盛发期成虫进行大量诱集诱杀。与灯光诱捕监测法相比,性信息素诱捕法监测到的番茄潜叶蛾成虫具有蛾峰期早、蛾峰期明显的特点,更能准确反映番茄潜叶蛾的田间发生趋势,且具有专一性强、对有益节肢动物安全等优点,可作为番茄潜叶蛾田间种群监测预报的一项重要手段。在西南区域的保护地条件下,2月下旬至9月下旬为番茄潜叶蛾主要发生期,也是防治的关键时期;1月上旬至2月中旬为发生低谷期,10月初至11月底为偶发期;基于性信息素诱捕法数据分析,4月下旬-9月底,番茄潜叶蛾每25~30 d发生1代。2023年春夏茬番茄田的4个成虫盛发期分别为4月下旬、5月中下旬、6月中下旬和7月中下旬;2022年夏秋茬番茄田的2个成虫盛发期分别为8月中下旬和9月中旬。研究结果对番茄潜叶蛾的监测预警和科学防控具有重要意义。To identify the optimal monitoring method for the tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta,both sex pheromone and ultraviolet light trapping methods were evaluated for monitoring efficiency and analysis of adult emergence period through systematic field monitoring in southwestern China.The results indicated that although ultraviolet light trapping method posed some adverse effects on beneficial arthropods(including natural enemies and pollinators),its impact was limited,with beneficial arthropods comprising only 0.53%of total catches.The ultraviolet light trapping method exhibited higher capture efficiency for T.absoluta adults in four tomato fields across different growing seasons,with a cumulative trap count of 2158.5-16966.4 adults/trap,1.47-3.73 times that of the sex pheromone trapping method.The daily rate was significantly higher(P<0.001),suggesting its potential for mass trapping during peak adult emergence.The sex pheromone trapping method detected earlier and more distinct emergence peaks,showing greater specificity and safety for beneficial arthropod compared to ultraviolet light trapping methods,and more accurately reflecting the field population dynamics of T.absoluta.Under protected cultivation in southwestern China,the main emergence period of T.absoluta was from late February to late September,marking a critical window for prevention and control of this pest insect.Low activity periods were observed from early January to mid-February,and from early October to late November.Based on sex pheromone data,T.absoluta completed one generation approximately every 25-30 d from late April to late September.In 2023,four peak adult periods were recorded(late April,mid to late May,mid to late June,and mid to late July)in the spring-summer crop,while two peaks(mid to late August and mid-September)were observed in the summer-autumn crop of 2022.These results provide significant insights for monitoring,early warning and effective management of T.absoluta.

关 键 词：番茄潜叶蛾 成虫发生期预测 性信息素诱捕 监测预报 紫外光灯光诱捕 

分 类 号：S433.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]