180份芝麻种质资源的叶病抗性鉴定及评价  

Identification and evaluation of resistance of 180 sesame germplasms to leaf diseases

作　　者：赵辉[1] 刘新涛[1] 倪云霞[1] 王婧[1] 贾敏 赵新贝 何碧珀 刘红彦[1] ZHAO Hui;LIU Xintao;NI Yunxia;WANG Jing;JIA Min;ZHAO Xinbei;HE Bipo;LIU Hongyan(Institute of Plant Protection,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory for Integrated Crop Pests Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Henan Key Laboratory of Agricultural Pest Monitoring and Control,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院植物保护研究所,农业农村部华北南部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,河南省农业有害生物监测与防控重点实验室,郑州450002

出　　处：《植物保护》2025年第2期259-267,共9页Plant Protection

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-14);河南省科技攻关项目(242102110224);河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2024ZC066);河南省农业科学院科技创新团队(2024TD14)。

摘　　要：为筛选芝麻叶部病害抗性资源,采用自然诱发法和相对抗病性指数对180份芝麻种质资源的叶部病害抗性进行鉴定和评价。结果表明,供试材料对叶部病害抗性普遍较差,未出现免疫和高抗类型,抗病种质资源占比较低,仅为7.22%;感病品种占比较高。江汉夏芝麻区抗性材料数量和比例最高,其次为黄淮夏芝麻区。供试材料中抗病种质仅有13份,分别为:南召农家种,‘鸭嘴芝麻’(ZZM1054),‘ZZM0927’‘观音麻’(ZZM1271),‘独苔’(ZZM1224),‘ZZM03846’‘ZZM02488’,野芝麻(WZM03156),‘野芝1号’‘豫芝4号’(ZZM03410),‘独脚黄’(ZZM1250),‘襄芝2号’和修武农家种,农家种中抗性材料的数量和比例高于现代培育品种。To screen sesame leaf disease resistance resources,natural induction and relative resistance index methods were used to identify and evaluate the resistance of 180 sesame germplasm resources.The results showed that the tested materials generally had poor resistance to leaf diseases,with no immune or highly resistant varieties identified.The proportion of resistant germplasms was low,accounting for only 7.22%,while the proportion of susceptible varieties was relatively high.Resistant germplasm varieties were most abundant in the Jianghan summer sesame ecological region,followed by Huanghuai summer sesame ecological region.Only 13 resistant germplasms were identified,including Nanzhao sesame landrace,‘Yazui sesame’(ZZM1054),‘ZZM0927’‘Guanyinma’(ZZM1271),‘Dutai’(ZZM1224),‘ZZM03846’‘ZZM02488’,wild sesame(WZM03156),‘Wild sesame 1’‘Yuzhi 4’(ZZM03410),‘Dujiaohuang’(ZZM1250),‘Xiangzhi 2’and Xiuwu sesame landrace.The number and proportion of resistant materials were higher in landrace varieties compared to modern cultivated varieties.

关 键 词：芝麻 种质资源 叶病 抗性鉴定 

分 类 号：S435.653[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]