4种苗前封闭除草剂对镉低积累水稻的安全性评价  

Safety evaluation of four pre-emergence herbicides on cadmium-low accumulation rice

作　　者：彭亚军[1,2] 柏振东 谢智彪 马国兰[1,2] 毛毕刚 王天抗 李巳夫 罗丁峰 刘都才[1,2] 李祖任[1,2] 柏连阳[1,2] PENG Yajun;BAI Zhendong;XIE Zhibiao;MA Guolan;MAO Bigang;WANG Tiankang;LI Sifu;LUO Dingfeng;LIU Ducai;LI Zuren;BAI Lianyang(Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Weeds,Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice,Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]杂草生物学及安全防控湖南省重点实验室,湖南省农业科学院,长沙410125 [2]杂交水稻全国重点实验室,湖南省农业科学院,长沙410125

出　　处：《植物保护》2025年第2期316-322,338,共8页Plant Protection

基　　金：湖南省重大科技攻关项目(2022NK1010);湖南省农业科技创新项目(2021CX42,2022CX11,2022CX70)。

摘　　要：为筛选镉低积累水稻田安全型封闭除草剂,保障镉低积累水稻生产安全,通过室内盆栽试验、田间小区试验评价了异噁草松、氟酮·呋喃酮、苄嘧·丙草胺、苄·丁·乙草胺等4种除草剂对镉低积累水稻的安全性,并测定了光合作用光系统Ⅱ抑制剂异噁草松对镉低积累水稻叶绿素含量的影响。结果表明:异噁草松会使水稻叶片白化、植株轻微矮化,氟酮·呋喃酮会使水稻植株明显矮化,但后期均能恢复正常,苄嘧·丙草胺处理后水稻无明显药害症状,苄·丁·乙草胺会使水稻缺苗;水稻品种‘44-5’的耐药性最差,苄·丁·乙草胺对作物药害最重;叶绿素含量变化幅度与水稻品种自身的叶绿素含量正相关。本文可为镉低积累水稻田杂草管理提供科学用药清单。To identify safe pre-emergence herbicides suitable for cadmium(Ca)-low accumulation rice fields and ensure production safety,this study evaluated the safety of four herbicides,clomazone,triafamone·tefuryltrione,bensulfuron-methyl·pretilachlor and bensulfuron-methyl·butachlor·acetochlor,through greenhouse bioactivity tests and field plot trials.The effect of clomazone,a photosystem Ⅱ inhibitor,on the chlorophyll content of cadmium-low accumulation rice was also determined.The results showed that clomazone caused leaf bleaching and slight dwarfing of rice plants,while triafamone·tefuryltrione caused obvious dwarfing;however,both effects subsided over time.Bensulfuron-methyl·pretilachlor had no obvious phytotoxicity,whereas bensulfuron-methyl·butachlor·acetochlor reduced rice seedling emergence.The tolerance of the rice variety‘44-5’was the lowest,with bensulfuron-methyl·butachlor·acetochlor showing the highest phytotoxicity.Variations in chlorophyll content were positively correlated with the inherent chlorophyll content of rice varieties.These results provide a scientific basis for herbicide recommendations in cadmium-low accumulation rice paddies.

关 键 词：镉低积累水稻 除草剂 安全性 药害 叶绿素 

分 类 号：S451.21[农业科学—植物保护]