蚕丝碳纤维复合材料的紫外老化性能探究  

Research on UV aging performance of silk carbon fiber composites

作　　者：王雨生 郭皎 王萍[2] Wang Yusheng;Guo Jiao;Wang Ping(Jiangsu Deli Chemical Fiber Co.,Ltd.,Suqian 215226,Jiangsu,China;College of Textile and Clothing Engineering,Soochow University,Suzhou 215021,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏德力化纤有限公司,江苏宿迁215226 [2]苏州大学纺织与服装工程学院,江苏苏州215021

出　　处：《产业用纺织品》2025年第2期30-38,共9页Technical Textiles

摘　　要：通过紫外(UV)老化与海水浸泡协同试验,探讨蚕丝碳纤维复合材料在复杂环境下的老化行为及性能演变规律。研究结果显示,紫外老化初期(0~16 h),复合材料通过极性基团的生成与结构重组实现了力学性能的短暂增强,同时伴随着聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)膜与蚕丝及碳纤维间界面黏合作用的增强,复合材料的拉伸强度与拉升模量得以提升;随着紫外老化时间的延长,基体主链断裂、纤维-基体界面脱黏及裂纹扩展导致复合材料的力学性能下降;海水浸泡能够在短期内通过盐分结晶填充缺陷,抑制裂纹的扩展,并在48 h的紫外老化协同作用下形成致密的氧化层,使浸海水试样的力学性能优于未浸水试样;长期紫外老化后,海水渗透引发纤维腐蚀和基体水解,最终加速复合材料力学性能的衰退。研究结果为蚕丝碳纤维复合材料在户外高湿、高辐射强度环境中的应用及其抗老化设计提供理论依据。The aging behavior and properties evolution of silk carbon fiber composites in complex environment were discussed through the synergistic experiment of ultraviolet(UV)aging and seawater immersion.The results showed that the mechanical properties of the composites were temporarily strengthened by the formation of polar functional groups and structure reengineering at the initial stage of UV aging(0-16 h),and the tensile strength and modulus of the composites were improved along with the enhancement of interfacial adhesion between polybutylene succinate(PBS)films and silk and carbon fibers.With the extension of UV aging time,the mechanical properties of the composites decreased due to the main chain fracture,fiber-matrix interface disbonding and propagation of cracks.Seawater immersion could fill the defects in a short period of time by salt crystallization,inhibit the expansion of cracks,and a dense oxide layer was formed in cooperation with UV aging for 48 h,so that the mechanical properties of seawater immersed samples were better than those of non-immersed samples.However,after long-term UV aging,seawater infiltration led to corrosion of fiber and hydrolysis of matrix,and finally aggravated the decline of mechanical properties of composites.The research results provide a theoretical basis for the application and anti-aging design of silk carbon fiber composites in outdoor environment with high humidity and high radiation intensity.

关 键 词：蚕丝碳纤维 复合材料 紫外(UV)老化 海水浸泡 力学性能 

分 类 号：TS176.9[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]