稀土元素对合金高温氧化行为影响的研究进展  

Research Progress of Rare Earth Elements on High Temperature Oxidation Behavior of Alloys

作　　者：张恒 向军淮[1] 肖伯涛[1] 白凌云[1] Zhang Heng;Xiang Junhuai;Xiao Botao;Bai Lingyun(Jjiangxi Key Laboratory of Suface Engineering,School of Materials and Energy,Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]江西科技师范大学材料与能源学院,江西省材料表面工程重点实验室,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《稀有金属》2024年第12期1755-1765,共11页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51865014,52465040);江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ211130);材料成形与模具技术国家重点实验室开放课题研究基金项目(P2019-012)资助。

摘　　要：现有耐热合金已逐渐无法满足先进材料的性能要求,普遍认为在合金中添加少量的稀土元素有利于提高合金的抗氧化能力。尽管稀土元素对合金高温氧化行为的影响已被诸多学者研究,并提出了多种机制模型,但并没有任何一种得到了广泛认同。综述了稀土元素Y,Ce,La和几种稀土元素共同添加对合金高温氧化行为的影响,分析了稀土元素的作用机制。结果表明,稀土元素的加入一方面可以细化合金晶粒,促进完整致密的氧化膜生成,提高合金的抗氧化性能,另一方面可以改变氧化膜中阴阳离子的传质机制,减少氧化膜与合金基体间的空洞,提高氧化膜的抗剥落性能。但稀土元素改善合金的抗氧化性能存在最优含量,添加过量反而会导致氧化加速。展望了未来稀土元素对合金高温氧化行为影响的研究方向。The existing heat-resistant alloys are gradually unable to meet the performance requirements of advanced materials,and it is generally believed that adding a small amount of rare earth elements to the alloy is beneficial for improving its oxidation resistance.Although the influence of rare earth elements on the high-temperature oxidation behavior of alloys has been studied by many scholars and various mechanism models have been proposed,none of them have been widely recognized.This article systematically reviewed the effects of rare earth elements Y,Ce,La and the common addition of several rare earth elements on the high-temperature oxidation behavior of alloys,and analyzed the mechanism of rare earth elements.The results indicated that the addition of rare earth elements could refine the alloy grain size,promote the formation of a complete and dense oxide film,and improve the alloy's oxidation resistance.On the other hand,it could change the diffusion mechanism of anions and cations in the oxide film,reduce the voids between the oxide film and the alloy matrix,and improve the anti-peeling property of the oxide film.However,there was an optimal content of rare earth elements to improve the oxidation resistance of alloys,and excessive addition could lead to accelerated oxidation.This article also looked forward to future research directions on the influence of rare earth elements on the high-temperature oxidation behavior of alloys.Meanwhile,based on the discussion of the oxidation process,the oxidation mechanism of rare earth elements on the alloy oxidation behavior was analyzed.The results indicated that the oxidation of alloys could be roughly divided into two stages:the initial oxidation stage and the stable oxidation stage.In the initial oxidation stage,the oxide film was not completely formed,which was the growth process of the oxide film.The oxide film of the alloy without the addition of rare earth elements presented a discontinuous state on the surface of the alloy,which could not effectively isolate the

关 键 词：稀土元素 高温合金 氧化行为 机制 

分 类 号：TG146.418[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]