中国冷链物流效率研究——基于考虑非期望产出的一体化BAM模型  

Study on China s Cold Logistics Efficiency Based on the Integrated BAM Model with Undesirable Outputs

作　　者：陈春花 CHEN Chun-hua(College of Economics and Management,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010018)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学经济管理学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《供应链管理》2025年第4期27-39,共13页SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

基　　金：内蒙古自治区哲学社会科学规划项目“内蒙古促进农畜产品冷链物流业发展研究”(2023NDC153)。

摘　　要：为促进中国冷链物流高质量发展,对其效率进行了深入研究。文章从投入(冷库容量和冷藏车保有量)、期望产出(冷链货运量)、非期望产出(冷链碳排放)三个维度建立了科学的效率评估指标体系,并综合采用BAM(有界调整测量)、考虑非期望产出的DEA(数据包络分析)、超效率DEA以及0-1规划等方法,创新性地构建了考虑非期望产出的一体化BAM模型。考虑非期望产出的一体化BAM模型不仅可以同时处理投入、期望产出和非期望产出,而且可以同时评估效率和超效率,从而实现对所有决策单元进行精确排名和详细分析,并显著节约计算时间。研究结果表明:中国冷链物流在碳排放方面的表现较好;安徽、青海、宁夏、山西、甘肃、广西等冷链物流设施设备紧缺但是农畜产品较为丰富地区的效率较高;广东、山东、北京、河南等冷链物流设施设备较多地区的效率较低。根据研究结果,文章提出了提升效率的策略建议。An in-depth study on the efficiency of China s cold chain logistics was conducted to promote its high-quality development.A comprehensive evaluation index system was established from three aspects:inputs(refrigerated cold storage capacity and refrigerated vehicles),desirable outputs(cold chain freight volume),and undesirable outputs(cold chain carbon emissions).We also innovatively developed an integrated BAM model with undesirable outputs,employing the BAM(bounded adjusted measure),the DEA(data envelopment analysis)with undesirable outputs,the super-efficiency DEA,and the 0-1 programming method.The integrated BAM model with undesirable outputs can not only simultaneously handle inputs,desirable outputs,and undesirable outputs,but also evaluate both efficiency and super-efficiency.This allows for the accurate ranking of all decision-making units(DMUs)and a detailed analysis of these DMUs while significantly saving computation time.The results show the following:the performance of China s cold chain logistics in terms of carbon emissions is good;the efficiency is higher in regions with relatively scarce cold chain logistics facilities and equipment but abundant agricultural and livestock products,such as Anhui,Qinghai,Ningxia,Shanxi,Gansu,and Guangxi;and the efficiency is lower in regions with relatively abundant cold chain logistics facilities and equipment,such as Guangdong,Shandong,Beijing,and Henan.Based on the research results,strategic recommendations for improving efficiency were proposed.

关 键 词：冷链物流 效率 数据包络分析 有界调整测量 非期望产出 

分 类 号：U-9[交通运输工程]