碳交易机制下考虑客户满意度的冷链物流配送路径优化  

Optimizing Cold Chain Delivery Routes Considering Customer Satisfaction Under the Carbon Trading Mechanism

作　　者：张雯惠 徐玲玲[1] ZHANG Wen-hui;XU Ling-ling(School of Management,Harbin University of Commerce,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150028)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨商业大学管理学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150028

出　　处：《供应链管理》2025年第4期48-61,共14页SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

基　　金：黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划项目“快递进村模式下黑龙江省农产品供应链物流快速响应机制及其效应研究”(24JYE010)。

摘　　要：为解决冷链物流配送中配送成本高、碳排放高和客户满意度低等问题,文章综合考虑时间窗、车辆载重、碳限额等约束,使用新鲜度衰减函数量化配送中的货损成本,建立碳限额约束下的碳排放成本函数和配送时间影响下的客户满意度函数,构建了包括固定成本、运输成本、制冷成本、货损成本、碳排放成本和时间窗惩罚成本的总成本最小化和客户满意度最大化的双目标优化模型,使用第二代非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)对其进行求解,优化车辆路线。最后,文章结合实例进行仿真验证和对比分析,结论表明,构建的双目标优化模型能在配送成本和客户满意度之间取得合理的平衡,有利于提高配送效率,根据配送需要提供不同的配送方案。To address the issues of high delivery costs,carbon emissions,and low customer satisfaction in cold chain logistics,this study comprehensively considers constraints such as time windows,vehicle load capacity,and carbon limits.The spoilage cost of goods during transportation is quantified using a freshness decay function.A carbon emission cost function under the carbon limit constraint and a customer satisfaction function influenced by delivery time is established.A bi-objective optimization model is then developed,aiming to minimize the total cost,which includes fixed costs,transportation costs,refrigeration costs,spoilage costs,carbon emission costs,and time-window penalty costs,while maximizing customer satisfaction.The NSGA-II algorithm is employed to solve the model and optimize vehicle routes.Finally,simulation verification and comparative analysis based on a case study demonstrate that the proposed bi-objective optimization model achieves a reasonable balance between delivery cost and customer satisfaction,improving delivery efficiency and offering different delivery solutions according to the logistics needs.

关 键 词：碳交易机制 冷链物流 客户满意度 配送路径优化 NSGA-Ⅱ 

分 类 号：F252[经济管理—国民经济]