超声共振风速风向传感器共振态温度补偿方法  

A temperature compensation method for the ultrasound resonance wind speed and direction sensor in resonance state

作　　者：曾祥豹 袁宇鹏 廖崧琳 王露[2] 余华[1] Zeng Xiangbao;Yuan Yupeng;Liao Songlin;Wang Lu;Yu Hua(College of Optoelectronic Engineering of Chongqing University Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology&Systems,Chongqing 400040,China;The 26th Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation,Chongqing 400060,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学光电工程学院光电技术及系统教育部重点实验室,重庆400000 [2]中国电子科技集团公司第二十六研究所,重庆400060

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2025年第1期11-20,共10页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(62374022);中央高校基本科研业务费国防专项(2024CDJGF-035);重庆市技术创新与应用发展重大项目(CSTB2024TIADSTX0047);新重庆青年创新人才项目(CSTB2024NSCQ-QCXMX0096)资助。

摘　　要：风能发电、航空航天、气象等重点行业对风速风向的高精度、高可靠检测具有迫切需求。与传统机械式、超声对射式、超声反射式风速风向传感器相比,提出的超声共振式风速风向传感解决方案具有体积小、精度高、无机械磨损的显著优势。针对复杂工况环境条件下超声共振式风速风向传感器的精度偏移难题,建立了超声共振式风速风向传感器的误差来源理论模型,开展了不同温度环境传感器测试实验,分析了相应传感器的输出性能,构建了工作环境温度与传感器共振频率点的关联关系,实现了不同环境条件下传感器基于共振点频率的温度补偿。搭建了传感器风洞试验系统,开展了不同温度条件下的传感器风洞试验,试验结果表明,提出的共振态温度补偿后的超声共振式风速风向传感器风速测量精度显著提升,补偿后在<15 m/s的风速范围内风速测量精度时可达±0.3 m/s、在15~50 m/s风速范围内精度可到±2.3%。传感器测量精度随温度漂移显著降低,在环境温度17.1℃时测量误差降低至2.30%,环境温度29.2℃时测量误差降低至2.09%,与传统超声对射/反射式相比精度提升40%以上。综上所述,该研究为风电场风机的发电效率提升、气象领域的要素测量精度提升等重点领域提供更有效的风速风向测量支撑。Wind power generation,aerospace,meteorology,and other key industries have an urgent need for high-precision and high-reliability detection of wind speed and direction.Compared with the traditional mechanical,ultrasonic convective,and ultrasonic reflective wind speed and direction sensors,the ultrasonic resonant wind speed and direction sensing solution in this article has significant advantages of small size,high accuracy,and no mechanical abrasion.To address the problem of accuracy shift of ultrasonic resonance wind speed and direction sensor under complicated operating conditions,the theoretical model of the error source for the ultrasonic resonance wind speed and direction sensor is formulated.Different temperature environment tests are carried out to analyze the performance of the sensors.The correlation relationship between the working environment temperature and the resonance frequency point of the sensors is constructed,which achieves the temperature compensation of the sensors based on the frequency of the resonance point under different environmental conditions.By establishing a sensor wind tunnel test system,the wind tunnel test of the sensors under different temperature conditions is carried out.Test results show that the wind speed measurement accuracy of the proposed ultrasonic resonance wind speed and direction sensor is significantly improved after the temperature compensation of the resonance state.After the compensation,the accuracy of wind speed can reach±0.3 m/s in the wind speed range of less than 15 m/s,and±2.3%in the wind speed range of 15~50 m/s.The sensor′s measurement accuracy significantly decreases with temperature drift,reducing the measurement error to 2.30%at an ambient temperature of 17.1℃and 2.09%at an ambient temperature of 29.2℃,improving the accuracy by more than 40%compared with the traditional ultrasonic convection/reflection type.In conclusion,it provides support for more effective wind speed and direction measurements for key areas such as improving the power generat

关 键 词：风速风向传感器 共振态温度补偿 风速测量 

分 类 号：TH765[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]