算法自动化行政处罚决策中相对人程序权利的保障困境与出路  

Dilemmas and Paths of Guarantee for Procedural Rights of Counterparts in Algorithmic Automated Administrative Punishment Decision-making

作　　者：邹开亮[1] 卢筱璇 ZOU Kailiang;LU Xiaoxuan(College of Humanities and Social Sciences,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学人文社会科学学院,南昌330013

出　　处：《长春大学学报》2025年第3期75-80,共6页Journal of Changchun University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(21BFX126)。

摘　　要：算法自动化行政处罚决策是人工智能技术跨入行政执法领域的重要体现,它在提高行政效率等方面具有显著优势。但其技术性、即时性和虚拟性,使行政相对人的知情权、申辩权和救济权陷入尴尬境地。引入人工智能算法应增强行政机关的告知义务,提高算法的透明度和可解释性;建立线上申辩制度,明确行政机关的解释义务;明确责任承担的主体和归责原则,优化救济程序制度,以突破算法自动化行政处罚决策中相对人程序性权利的保障困境。Algorithm automated administrative punishment decision-making is an important embodiment of artificial intelligence technology in the field of administrative law enforcement,which has significant advantages in improving administrative efficiency.However,the technicality,immediacy and virtuality of algorithm automated administrative punishment decision-making make the procedural rights of administrative counterparts in an embarrassing situation,such as the right to know the fact,the right to make a defense and the right to get remedy.The introduction of artificial intelligence algorithms requires to enhance the informing obligations of the administrative organs and improve the transparency and interpretability of the algorithm;establish an online defense system and clarify the interpretation obligations of administrative organs;clarify the subject of responsibility and the principle of attribution and optimize the relief procedure system.so as to break through the dilemmas of guarantee for the procedural rights of administrative counterparts in algorithm-automated administrative punishment decision-making.

关 键 词：算法自动化行政处罚决策 相对人 程序性权利保障 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]