影响牛体外胚胎冷冻效果的关键机制研究进展  

The Effect of Vitrification Freezing on in vitro Embryonic Development of Mammals

作　　者：麻小鑫 赵慧秋 余文莉 李崇阳[4] 杨凌[1] 张普 杨庚新 赵增元 MA Xiao-xin;ZHAO Hui-qiu;YU Wen-li;LI Chong-yang;YANG Ling;ZHANG Pu;YANG Geng-xin;ZHAO Zeng-yuan(Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056000;Hebei Provincial Animal Husbandry Station,Shijiazhuang 050035;Shijiazhuang Tianquan Elite Dairy Ltd,Shijiazhuang 050299;Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学,邯郸056000 [2]河北省畜牧总站,石家庄050035 [3]石家庄天泉良种奶牛有限公司,石家庄050299 [4]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2025年第3期14-20,共7页China Dairy Cattle

基　　金：石家庄市奶牛胚胎生物技术创新中心绩效后补助经费(237790569A);河北省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项基金(HBCT2024230203)。

摘　　要：众所周知,基于活体采卵进行牛体外胚胎生产制备对于提高畜牧业遗传改良进程和优良种畜的利用率具有重要价值,牛体外胚胎耐冻性能差是限制体外胚胎规模化应用的重要卡点,研究冷冻对牛体外胚胎发育的影响及分子机制具有重要意义。相对于牛体内胚胎,体外胚胎存在诸多类型的冷冻损伤,进而导致冷冻后牛体外胚胎移植妊娠效率往往低于鲜胚和体内冻胚。大量研究发现冷冻会导致胚胎线粒体活性下降,DNA甲基化水平和组蛋白修饰水平降低进而导致胚胎的存活率下降。本文对体外胚胎冷冻损伤对妊娠率的影响及其损伤的分子机制研究进展进行了综述。文章总结了在线粒体功能、DNA甲基化水平以及组蛋白修饰状态在体外胚胎冷冻过程中所发生的变化,这些研究对于提升体外胚胎冷冻技术的精细度和效果具有重要的指导意义。The preparation of bovine in vitro embryos based on live egg collection is of great value in improving the genetic improvement breeding process and the utilization rate of excellent breeding livestock in animal husbandry.The poor freezing resistance of bovine in vitro embryos is an important bottleneck limiting the large-scale application of in vitro embryos.Studying the effects and molecular mechanisms of freezing on the development of bovine in vitro embryos is of great significance.Compared to in vivo embryos,in vitro embryos suffer from various types of freezing damage,which often leads to lower pregnancy efficiency in frozen in vitro embryo transfer compared to fresh and in vivo frozen embryos.Numerous studies have found that freezing can lead to a decrease in mitochondrial activity,DNA methylation levels,and histone modification levels in embryos,resulting in a decrease in embryo survival rate.This article summarizes the changes in mitochondrial activity,DNA methylation level,and histone modification level during in vitro embryo freezing injury,providing assistance for the optimization and improvement of in vitro embryo freezing technology,aim to improve the developmental ability and transfer pregnancy rate of frozen embryos in vitro.

关 键 词：玻璃化冷冻 体外胚胎 线粒体 DNA甲基化 

分 类 号：S823.3[农业科学—畜牧学]